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Abstract <p><b>Aim of the Study.</b> This study aims to analyze the effect of extreme photoperiods on the growth, development, and productivity of soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.) varieties with different allelic variants of photoperiod sensitivity genes E1, E2, E3, and E4. <b>Materials and methods.</b> Fifty soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) varieties differing in the allelic composition of E genes (E1–E4) and belonging to different maturity groups (from ultra-early to mid-ripening) were objects of the study. The sample included domestic and foreign varieties, including those adapted to middle and northern latitudes. Phenological observations were performed daily with recording the date of the first flower emergence. By the end of vegetation, morphometric indices were determined, DNA isolation, PCR analysis, and statistical processing of the results obtained were carried out. <b>Results.</b> It was demonstrated that the photoperiod response is a quantitative trait, the expression of which is determined by a specific combination of alleles at the E loci. It was established that the presence of dominant alleles E1, E3, and E4 causes a delay in flowering by 20–22 days during a long day (22 h) as compared with a short day (8 h). In combination with the methods of molecular labeling, photoperiod-insensitive varieties (Lantsetnaya, Sibiriada, Saltus, Chera, Lumaria) were identified, in which flowering time was independent of photoperiod. Most of them carry combinations of recessive alleles e1-nl/e3-fs/e4-kes leading to a loss of function of key genes. Cluster analysis by Δ-changes in the productivity revealed two groups of varieties: with stable productivity regardless of photoperiod and with a pronounced photoperiodic response. <b>Conclusions.</b> Based on the results, the strategies of selection for different latitudinal zones were proposed. The efficiency of using an extra-long day (18–22 h) as an express test for the identification of promising lines with recessive alleles of E-genes at early stages of breeding was proven. Data obtained are of a great importance for expanding the range of soybean cultivation in conditions of high-latitude regions.</p>

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Architecture of E-Gene Cluster as a Factor Determining Photoperiodic Response in Soybean

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • A. A. Kocheshkova,
  • N. Yu. Svistunova,
  • A. V. Arkhipov,
  • Ya. V. Minkova,
  • S. M. Avdeev,
  • M. G. Divashuk

摘要

Abstract

Aim of the Study. This study aims to analyze the effect of extreme photoperiods on the growth, development, and productivity of soybean (Glycine max L.) varieties with different allelic variants of photoperiod sensitivity genes E1, E2, E3, and E4. Materials and methods. Fifty soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) varieties differing in the allelic composition of E genes (E1–E4) and belonging to different maturity groups (from ultra-early to mid-ripening) were objects of the study. The sample included domestic and foreign varieties, including those adapted to middle and northern latitudes. Phenological observations were performed daily with recording the date of the first flower emergence. By the end of vegetation, morphometric indices were determined, DNA isolation, PCR analysis, and statistical processing of the results obtained were carried out. Results. It was demonstrated that the photoperiod response is a quantitative trait, the expression of which is determined by a specific combination of alleles at the E loci. It was established that the presence of dominant alleles E1, E3, and E4 causes a delay in flowering by 20–22 days during a long day (22 h) as compared with a short day (8 h). In combination with the methods of molecular labeling, photoperiod-insensitive varieties (Lantsetnaya, Sibiriada, Saltus, Chera, Lumaria) were identified, in which flowering time was independent of photoperiod. Most of them carry combinations of recessive alleles e1-nl/e3-fs/e4-kes leading to a loss of function of key genes. Cluster analysis by Δ-changes in the productivity revealed two groups of varieties: with stable productivity regardless of photoperiod and with a pronounced photoperiodic response. Conclusions. Based on the results, the strategies of selection for different latitudinal zones were proposed. The efficiency of using an extra-long day (18–22 h) as an express test for the identification of promising lines with recessive alleles of E-genes at early stages of breeding was proven. Data obtained are of a great importance for expanding the range of soybean cultivation in conditions of high-latitude regions.