Abstract <p>The complexity of the problem of extracting argumentative structures is associated with such problems as selecting argumentative segments, predicting long-range connections between noncontact segments, and training on data labeled with a low degree of interannotator consistency. In this paper, we consider an approach to extracting argumentative relations from fairly large texts related to scientific communication. A&#xa0;comparative analysis was performed of fine-tuning methods using a pretrained Longformer-type language model that takes into account long contexts and two methods that take into account annotator discrepancies in argument labeling by using the so-called soft labels obtained by uniformly smoothing labels and averaging expert assessments. The experiments were conducted on four datasets containing positive and negative examples of statement pairs (premise, conclusion) and differing in segmentation methods and average text size. The best results were obtained using the model with averaging expert assessments. At the same time, it is noted that the model using smoothed labels also increases the accuracy of classifiers, but worsens the recall.</p>