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<p>As an emerging environmentally friendly building material, bamboo scrimber exhibits extensive application prospects owing to its high strength-to-weight ratio and standardized dimensions. Creep behavior serves as a crucial factor influencing the long-term performance of bamboo structures. In this study, tensile and compressive creep tests parallel to the grain were carried out at three loading levels (20%, 40%, and 60% of the ultimate load). The results reveal both similarities and distinct differences between tensile and compressive creep. In terms of similarity, the creep strain–time curves under tension and compression are geometrically analogous. Creep deformation increases rapidly within the first 30 days (reaching more than 75% of the 220d total creep strain) and stabilizes into a steady-state stage around 75 days. Regarding differences, the elastic strain is consistently larger in compression than in tension at the same loading level, whereas the relative creep strain (RCS, creep strain normalized by instantaneous elastic strain) exhibits the opposite trend, being higher in tension. This inversion is attributed to distinct microstructural mechanisms. Tension-dominated creep involves interfacial sliding and matrix viscoelastic flow with progressive damage accumulation, while compression‑dominated creep is characterized by fiber micro-buckling and matrix compaction with weaker creep‑damage coupling. The loading level significantly affects creep performance that higher loading levels lead to greater instantaneous elastic strain and earlier entry into the accelerated creep phase. Based on the experimental results, the proposed Burgers creep model was developed with high fitting accuracy (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.95). Using this model, the 100‑year creep evolution was predicted, showing that specimens under low loading level (≤ 40%) are expected to remain undamaged over 100 years, while tensile specimens at 60% loading are projected to fail after approximately 30 years. This study provides valuable references for the analysis of creep behavior in engineering structures employing bamboo scrimber.</p>

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Experimental investigation of creep deformation in bamboo scrimber under varied tensile and compressive loading levels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Yujing Lv,
  • Ming Xu,
  • Zhaoyan Cui,
  • Yujie Huang

摘要

As an emerging environmentally friendly building material, bamboo scrimber exhibits extensive application prospects owing to its high strength-to-weight ratio and standardized dimensions. Creep behavior serves as a crucial factor influencing the long-term performance of bamboo structures. In this study, tensile and compressive creep tests parallel to the grain were carried out at three loading levels (20%, 40%, and 60% of the ultimate load). The results reveal both similarities and distinct differences between tensile and compressive creep. In terms of similarity, the creep strain–time curves under tension and compression are geometrically analogous. Creep deformation increases rapidly within the first 30 days (reaching more than 75% of the 220d total creep strain) and stabilizes into a steady-state stage around 75 days. Regarding differences, the elastic strain is consistently larger in compression than in tension at the same loading level, whereas the relative creep strain (RCS, creep strain normalized by instantaneous elastic strain) exhibits the opposite trend, being higher in tension. This inversion is attributed to distinct microstructural mechanisms. Tension-dominated creep involves interfacial sliding and matrix viscoelastic flow with progressive damage accumulation, while compression‑dominated creep is characterized by fiber micro-buckling and matrix compaction with weaker creep‑damage coupling. The loading level significantly affects creep performance that higher loading levels lead to greater instantaneous elastic strain and earlier entry into the accelerated creep phase. Based on the experimental results, the proposed Burgers creep model was developed with high fitting accuracy (R2 > 0.95). Using this model, the 100‑year creep evolution was predicted, showing that specimens under low loading level (≤ 40%) are expected to remain undamaged over 100 years, while tensile specimens at 60% loading are projected to fail after approximately 30 years. This study provides valuable references for the analysis of creep behavior in engineering structures employing bamboo scrimber.