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<p>Freeze–thaw cycles, which are prevalent in cold and high-latitude regions, pose a significant challenge to the durability of cement-based materials. Engineered geopolymer composites (EGC) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional cement-based materials in freeze–thaw environments due to their excellent mechanical properties and environmental benefits. In this study, EGC with different silica fume (SF) contents are prepared to investigate the influence of SF on mechanical performance and freeze–thaw resistance. The results show that incorporating 5&#xa0;wt% SF significantly improves the mechanical properties of EGC, achieving a compressive strength of 52.9&#xa0;MPa and a tensile strain of 7.24%. After 150 freeze–thaw cycles, the sample containing 5&#xa0;wt% SF shows the lowest mass loss and a favorable distribution of multiple microcracks, indicating superior freeze–thaw resistance. MIP analysis reveals that adding 5&#xa0;wt% SF reduces total porosity from 42.9 to 37.8% and shifts the peak pore size from 13 to 9&#xa0;nm, resulting in a denser matrix. However, excessive SF content increases porosity and leads to a decline in mechanical properties. This study aims to improve the durability and mechanical strength of EGC with optimal SF content and revealed mechanisms that underpin the observations.</p>

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Improved freeze–thaw resistance and mechanical properties of engineered geopolymer composites with silica fume

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月28日

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  • Yan Liu,
  • Jinzhu Zhang,
  • Yucheng Fan,
  • Chen Ge,
  • Chuang Feng

摘要

Freeze–thaw cycles, which are prevalent in cold and high-latitude regions, pose a significant challenge to the durability of cement-based materials. Engineered geopolymer composites (EGC) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional cement-based materials in freeze–thaw environments due to their excellent mechanical properties and environmental benefits. In this study, EGC with different silica fume (SF) contents are prepared to investigate the influence of SF on mechanical performance and freeze–thaw resistance. The results show that incorporating 5 wt% SF significantly improves the mechanical properties of EGC, achieving a compressive strength of 52.9 MPa and a tensile strain of 7.24%. After 150 freeze–thaw cycles, the sample containing 5 wt% SF shows the lowest mass loss and a favorable distribution of multiple microcracks, indicating superior freeze–thaw resistance. MIP analysis reveals that adding 5 wt% SF reduces total porosity from 42.9 to 37.8% and shifts the peak pore size from 13 to 9 nm, resulting in a denser matrix. However, excessive SF content increases porosity and leads to a decline in mechanical properties. This study aims to improve the durability and mechanical strength of EGC with optimal SF content and revealed mechanisms that underpin the observations.