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<p>Recycling bituminous pavement requires careful design of bitumen blends incorporating reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material, virgin binder, and recycling agents. While conventional blend design ensures compliance with specifications, it often fails to capture rheological variations arising from differences in RAP binder properties and blend composition. This study aims to identify rheological tests that can effectively distinguish recycled blends exhibiting similar performance grades. Six recycled blend combinations with target performance grades equivalent to that of the reference virgin binder were formulated using laboratory simulated RAP binders of varying ages and dosages, employing a Design of Experiments framework. Oscillatory and rotational tests were conducted on these binders to capture temperature dependency (20 to 70&#xa0;°C), shear rate dependency (0.1 to 50 1/s at 20 and 60&#xa0;°C), stress relaxation (50% strain at 20 and 60&#xa0;°C), and thixotropic response (0.1 and 10&#xa0;mN·m at 60&#xa0;°C). The results indicate that blends containing a higher proportion of highly aged binder exhibited lower temperature sensitivity, reduced shear thinning rate, and higher relaxation time. The thixotropic response revealed lesser breakdown rate and higher rebuild rate in blends with higher aged binder content, whereas higher recycling agent dosages led to greater breakdown and lesser rebuild. Twenty four response parameters were extracted from these tests, among which parameters from stress relaxation and thixotropic response showed the highest sensitivity to blend composition. Principal Component Analysis using these critical parameters demonstrated clear clustering of blends, confirming the ability of the selected rheological responses to reveal underlying differences in blend composition.</p>

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Rheological evaluation to distinguish recycled bitumen blends with varying composition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • L. Abinaya,
  • M. R. Nivitha,
  • J. Murali Krishnan

摘要

Recycling bituminous pavement requires careful design of bitumen blends incorporating reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material, virgin binder, and recycling agents. While conventional blend design ensures compliance with specifications, it often fails to capture rheological variations arising from differences in RAP binder properties and blend composition. This study aims to identify rheological tests that can effectively distinguish recycled blends exhibiting similar performance grades. Six recycled blend combinations with target performance grades equivalent to that of the reference virgin binder were formulated using laboratory simulated RAP binders of varying ages and dosages, employing a Design of Experiments framework. Oscillatory and rotational tests were conducted on these binders to capture temperature dependency (20 to 70 °C), shear rate dependency (0.1 to 50 1/s at 20 and 60 °C), stress relaxation (50% strain at 20 and 60 °C), and thixotropic response (0.1 and 10 mN·m at 60 °C). The results indicate that blends containing a higher proportion of highly aged binder exhibited lower temperature sensitivity, reduced shear thinning rate, and higher relaxation time. The thixotropic response revealed lesser breakdown rate and higher rebuild rate in blends with higher aged binder content, whereas higher recycling agent dosages led to greater breakdown and lesser rebuild. Twenty four response parameters were extracted from these tests, among which parameters from stress relaxation and thixotropic response showed the highest sensitivity to blend composition. Principal Component Analysis using these critical parameters demonstrated clear clustering of blends, confirming the ability of the selected rheological responses to reveal underlying differences in blend composition.