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<p>Currently, clean energy generation is a key challenge. The synthesis of photocatalysts for H<sub>2</sub> production using metal nanoparticles as cocatalysts can promote charge separation and enhance proton reduction. This study investigates the influence of copper and nickel nanoparticles on the ZnO surface to improve its photocatalytic efficiency in hydrogen production through water splitting. ZnO was synthesized hydrothermally and subsequently impregnated with Ni and Cu at 0.5, 1, and 3 wt%. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Hydrogen production was evaluated in a UV-irradiated photoreactor using ethanol as a sacrificial agent. The results showed that pure ZnO produced 28&#xa0;μmol H<sub>2</sub>/h, whereas Ni/ZnO and Cu/ZnO (1 wt%) generated 91 and 214&#xa0;μmol H<sub>2</sub>/h, respectively, after 3&#xa0;h of reaction. This demonstrates the high potential of the modified ZnO as a promising and environmentally friendly photocatalyst for solar-powered hydrogen production.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Hydrothermal synthesis and structural characterization of Ni and Cu loaded ZnO for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • K. G. Rincón-Soto,
  • E. Ríos-Valdovinos,
  • M. Jiménez-Cerda,
  • F. Pola-Albores,
  • D. Santiago-Salazar,
  • V. Pérez-Madrigal,
  • E. Albiter-Escobar,
  • M. Valenzuela-Zapata

摘要

Currently, clean energy generation is a key challenge. The synthesis of photocatalysts for H2 production using metal nanoparticles as cocatalysts can promote charge separation and enhance proton reduction. This study investigates the influence of copper and nickel nanoparticles on the ZnO surface to improve its photocatalytic efficiency in hydrogen production through water splitting. ZnO was synthesized hydrothermally and subsequently impregnated with Ni and Cu at 0.5, 1, and 3 wt%. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Hydrogen production was evaluated in a UV-irradiated photoreactor using ethanol as a sacrificial agent. The results showed that pure ZnO produced 28 μmol H2/h, whereas Ni/ZnO and Cu/ZnO (1 wt%) generated 91 and 214 μmol H2/h, respectively, after 3 h of reaction. This demonstrates the high potential of the modified ZnO as a promising and environmentally friendly photocatalyst for solar-powered hydrogen production.

Graphical abstract