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<p>Heterojunction diodes were fabricated with the following structure: Glass/ITO/ZnO/PEDOT:PSS/M*, where M* denotes the material of the anode contact used: Au, Ag, Ni, and Cu. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current–voltage characteristics to determine if Ni and Cu contacts can be considered as a substitute to the expensive noble metals. Diode ideality factors were in the range between 2 and 5, the saturation current density between 10<sup>–4</sup> and 10<sup>–7</sup>&#xa0;A/cm<sup>2</sup>, series resistance between 40 and 200&#xa0;Ohm, and shunt resistance between 10<sup>4</sup> and 10<sup>5</sup>&#xa0;Ohm. The results obtained with Cu contact revealed a competing performance in forward bias with those of Au contacts. For the case of Ag and Ni contacts, limited reproducibility of the fabricated diodes was associated to the deposition of PEDOT:PSS by drop casting. Cu contacts produced a diode ideality factor near to 2 and a rectification ratio of three orders of magnitude.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Impact of the anode contact material in the current–voltage characteristics of PEDOT:PSS/ZnO heterojunction diodes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Leonardo Sebastian Sanchez-Fernandez,
  • Isai Salvador Hernández-Luna,
  • Arturo Torres Sanchez,
  • Cuauhtémoc León Puertos,
  • Norberto Hernandez-Como

摘要

Heterojunction diodes were fabricated with the following structure: Glass/ITO/ZnO/PEDOT:PSS/M*, where M* denotes the material of the anode contact used: Au, Ag, Ni, and Cu. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current–voltage characteristics to determine if Ni and Cu contacts can be considered as a substitute to the expensive noble metals. Diode ideality factors were in the range between 2 and 5, the saturation current density between 10–4 and 10–7 A/cm2, series resistance between 40 and 200 Ohm, and shunt resistance between 104 and 105 Ohm. The results obtained with Cu contact revealed a competing performance in forward bias with those of Au contacts. For the case of Ag and Ni contacts, limited reproducibility of the fabricated diodes was associated to the deposition of PEDOT:PSS by drop casting. Cu contacts produced a diode ideality factor near to 2 and a rectification ratio of three orders of magnitude.

Graphical abstract