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<p>Currently, industries such as aerospace, energy and petrochemicals demand materials with excellent physical, mechanical and chemical properties. The Incoloy 909 super alloy meets these requirements; however, a major challenge arises during the manufacturing of components using joining processes such as welding, as the heat input can alter the alloys microstructural and mechanical characteristics. In this study, six Incoloy 909 plates are used, which are joined using the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding process, varying the welding parameters such as voltage and amperage, generating three conditions with different heat input (C1, C2 and C3). The macrostructural and microstructural characteristics of the joint were examined using stereoscopy and optical microscopy. To assess the mechanical response, Vickers microhardness (0.5&#xa0;HV) testing was performed, allowing the evaluation of dislocation distribution across different weld zones (weld metal, heat-affected zone and base metal).</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of heat input on the microstructural and mechanical response of a Ni-Co-Fe-based superalloy joining by GTAW process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Pedro Jacinto Páramo-Kañetas,
  • Bryan Ramiro Rodríguez-Vargas,
  • Martha Patricia Guerrero-Mata,
  • Jorge Eduardo Hernández-Flores

摘要

Currently, industries such as aerospace, energy and petrochemicals demand materials with excellent physical, mechanical and chemical properties. The Incoloy 909 super alloy meets these requirements; however, a major challenge arises during the manufacturing of components using joining processes such as welding, as the heat input can alter the alloys microstructural and mechanical characteristics. In this study, six Incoloy 909 plates are used, which are joined using the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding process, varying the welding parameters such as voltage and amperage, generating three conditions with different heat input (C1, C2 and C3). The macrostructural and microstructural characteristics of the joint were examined using stereoscopy and optical microscopy. To assess the mechanical response, Vickers microhardness (0.5 HV) testing was performed, allowing the evaluation of dislocation distribution across different weld zones (weld metal, heat-affected zone and base metal).

Graphical abstract