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<p>The increasing discharge of synthetic dyes into aquatic ecosystems has created an urgent need for efficient, eco-friendly wastewater treatment technologies. In this work, Mn<sub>0.02</sub>Co<sub>0.03</sub>Zn<sub>0.05</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via a microwave-assisted green method using <i>Azadirachta indica</i> (neem) leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The structural, optical, morphological, and magnetic characteristics of the prepared nanocomposites were systematically analyzed using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, TEM/HRTEM, and VSM techniques. Photocatalytic activity was assessed through the visible-light-driven degradation of methyl orange at 463&#xa0;nm. The Mn/Co co-doped ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites exhibited superior photocatalytic efficiency, achieving 99.2% dye degradation within 90&#xa0;min, compared to 88.7% for pristine ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Enhanced performance is attributed to band gap narrowing, improved charge separation, and increased surface reactivity. Furthermore, the nanocomposites demonstrated adequate magnetic properties for easy recovery and retained over 96% efficiency after three reuse cycles, highlighting their potential for sustainable wastewater remediation applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p>Leaf mediated ZnF and Mn/Co intercalated ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for degradation of MO dye</p> <p></p>

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Microwave-assisted green synthesis of bio-conjugated Mn0.02Co0.03Zn0.05Fe2O4 nanocomposites for magnetically recyclable photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • M. Michael Jegan,
  • D. Selleswari,
  • M. Duraipandian,
  • S. Manimegalai

摘要

The increasing discharge of synthetic dyes into aquatic ecosystems has created an urgent need for efficient, eco-friendly wastewater treatment technologies. In this work, Mn0.02Co0.03Zn0.05Fe2O4 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via a microwave-assisted green method using Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The structural, optical, morphological, and magnetic characteristics of the prepared nanocomposites were systematically analyzed using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, TEM/HRTEM, and VSM techniques. Photocatalytic activity was assessed through the visible-light-driven degradation of methyl orange at 463 nm. The Mn/Co co-doped ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites exhibited superior photocatalytic efficiency, achieving 99.2% dye degradation within 90 min, compared to 88.7% for pristine ZnFe2O4. Enhanced performance is attributed to band gap narrowing, improved charge separation, and increased surface reactivity. Furthermore, the nanocomposites demonstrated adequate magnetic properties for easy recovery and retained over 96% efficiency after three reuse cycles, highlighting their potential for sustainable wastewater remediation applications.

Graphical abstract

Leaf mediated ZnF and Mn/Co intercalated ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for degradation of MO dye