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<p>Nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum are key micronutrients for plant nitrogen metabolism but suffer from poor soil bioavailability and leaching losses. Here, we report a rapid, eco-friendly synthesis and comprehensive physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) simultaneously complexed with Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺, Co<sup>2</sup>⁺, and MoO₄<sup>2</sup>⁻, to our knowledge this is the first triple chitosan nanoparticles-based system of this type. Nanoparticles were produced by ionic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate followed by <i>in situ</i> metal coordination. Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analyses confirmed nanoscale dimensions (≈200–530&#xa0;nm) and stable positive charge (&gt; + 28&#xa0;mV). FTIR evidenced phosphate crosslinking and metal–ligand interactions; TGA/DSC showed enhanced thermal stability; and XRD revealed largely amorphous structures with localized ordering in Ni- and Co-loaded systems. Inductively coupled plasma measurements verified efficient, though partial, incorporation of each metal. This simple, green route yields stable chitosan nanoparticles–micronutrient complexes with excellent potential as slow-release, biocompatible carriers for sustainable agriculture and other bio-based applications.</p> Graphic Abstract <p></p>

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One-step green synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles simultaneously complexed with Ni, Co, and Mo for sustainable bio-based applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Gabriela Yolotzín Romero-Zúñiga,
  • Hortensia Ortega-Ortiz

摘要

Nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum are key micronutrients for plant nitrogen metabolism but suffer from poor soil bioavailability and leaching losses. Here, we report a rapid, eco-friendly synthesis and comprehensive physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) simultaneously complexed with Ni2⁺, Co2⁺, and MoO₄2⁻, to our knowledge this is the first triple chitosan nanoparticles-based system of this type. Nanoparticles were produced by ionic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate followed by in situ metal coordination. Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analyses confirmed nanoscale dimensions (≈200–530 nm) and stable positive charge (> + 28 mV). FTIR evidenced phosphate crosslinking and metal–ligand interactions; TGA/DSC showed enhanced thermal stability; and XRD revealed largely amorphous structures with localized ordering in Ni- and Co-loaded systems. Inductively coupled plasma measurements verified efficient, though partial, incorporation of each metal. This simple, green route yields stable chitosan nanoparticles–micronutrient complexes with excellent potential as slow-release, biocompatible carriers for sustainable agriculture and other bio-based applications.

Graphic Abstract