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<p>In this study, we investigated the optimum curing process for carbon/phenolic composite using a simple out-of-autoclave technique. The fabricated carbon/phenolic prepregs were cured at ambient pressure using a conventional convection oven. The curing process began at 90&#xa0;°C for 3.25&#xa0;h, followed by 120&#xa0;°C for 0.25&#xa0;h. The final curing stage was at 150&#xa0;°C for 0.25 h, 1.25 h, 2.25 h, and 3.25 h to produce four types of carbon/phenolic samples. All temperature ramping stages were performed at 2&#xa0;°C /min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis confirmed that all samples were fully cured. Interestingly, the sample cured in the shortest time demonstrated the highest tensile strength and modulus, 494 MPa and 27.9 GPa, respectively. The longer curing process caused more voids to be formed, leading to the reduction of mechanical properties.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Carbon/Phenolic composite curing process optimization using a simple out-of-autoclave technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Ahmedi Asraf,
  • Purwoko,
  • Muhammad Johan Rifai,
  • David Natanael Vicarneltor,
  • Fitri Ayu Radini,
  • Haryadi Abrizal,
  • Muhammad Yunus

摘要

In this study, we investigated the optimum curing process for carbon/phenolic composite using a simple out-of-autoclave technique. The fabricated carbon/phenolic prepregs were cured at ambient pressure using a conventional convection oven. The curing process began at 90 °C for 3.25 h, followed by 120 °C for 0.25 h. The final curing stage was at 150 °C for 0.25 h, 1.25 h, 2.25 h, and 3.25 h to produce four types of carbon/phenolic samples. All temperature ramping stages were performed at 2 °C /min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis confirmed that all samples were fully cured. Interestingly, the sample cured in the shortest time demonstrated the highest tensile strength and modulus, 494 MPa and 27.9 GPa, respectively. The longer curing process caused more voids to be formed, leading to the reduction of mechanical properties.

Graphical abstract