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<p>This study compares acid fusion and acid refluxing methods for removing impurities from coal fly ash to synthesize zeolites. XRF analysis revealed that acid refluxing more effectively reduced CaO and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents (to 0.50 and 0.58 wt%, respectively) than acid fusion (1.96 and 0.74 wt%). Zeolite synthesized via acid refluxing was predominantly Na-LSX, while acid fusion yielded phases such as cancrinite and dicalcium silicate. Adsorption studies showed that the acid-refluxed zeolite exhibited monolayer adsorption with homogeneous surface characteristics, fitting the Langmuir model. In contrast, the acid-fused zeolite followed the Freundlich model, indicating a heterogeneous surface. Both zeolites demonstrated endothermic and reversible adsorption of methylene blue, with maximum adsorption capacities of 158&#xa0;mg/g (ZRf) and 128&#xa0;mg/g (ZRs), underscoring the importance of pretreatment strategy in tailoring zeolite performance.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Comparative analysis of zeolites synthesized from acid refluxed and acid roasted coal fly ash: Application of fly ash-derived zeolites for removal of dye from water

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Emmanuel M. V. Gaolefufa,
  • Thapelo Manyepedza,
  • Isaac N. Beas,
  • Bakang F. Modukanele,
  • Moses T. Kabomo

摘要

This study compares acid fusion and acid refluxing methods for removing impurities from coal fly ash to synthesize zeolites. XRF analysis revealed that acid refluxing more effectively reduced CaO and Fe2O3 contents (to 0.50 and 0.58 wt%, respectively) than acid fusion (1.96 and 0.74 wt%). Zeolite synthesized via acid refluxing was predominantly Na-LSX, while acid fusion yielded phases such as cancrinite and dicalcium silicate. Adsorption studies showed that the acid-refluxed zeolite exhibited monolayer adsorption with homogeneous surface characteristics, fitting the Langmuir model. In contrast, the acid-fused zeolite followed the Freundlich model, indicating a heterogeneous surface. Both zeolites demonstrated endothermic and reversible adsorption of methylene blue, with maximum adsorption capacities of 158 mg/g (ZRf) and 128 mg/g (ZRs), underscoring the importance of pretreatment strategy in tailoring zeolite performance.

Graphical Abstract