<p>Molten salt reactors (MSRs) are promising technology to replace traditional light and heavy water reactors in the near future. Waste management for MSRs, however, remains a pressing concern that needs to be resolved prior to realizing deployment of MSRs. Specifically, the generated salt waste needs to be safely sequestered, a task made difficult by the high solubility of the salt waste that can cause the release of radionuclides into the environment. This work demonstrates a new approach to immobilize multiple fluoride salts into a single waste form by converting highly-soluble fluorides to durable and stable oxyfluorides. Notably, we report a method of conversion of CsF, a very problematic salt, into a pyrochlore structure CsNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>F. Multiphase assemblages of oxyfluoride phases are prepared in a single step synthesis. Subsequent leach testing of the as prepared oxyfluorides indicate release rates orders of magnitude lower than standard reference glasses.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Durable oxyfluoride waste forms for salt wastes from molten salt reactors

  • Alevtina A. Maksimova,
  • Jake W. Amoroso,
  • Matthew Page,
  • Gregory Morrison,
  • Hans-Conrad zur Loye

摘要

Molten salt reactors (MSRs) are promising technology to replace traditional light and heavy water reactors in the near future. Waste management for MSRs, however, remains a pressing concern that needs to be resolved prior to realizing deployment of MSRs. Specifically, the generated salt waste needs to be safely sequestered, a task made difficult by the high solubility of the salt waste that can cause the release of radionuclides into the environment. This work demonstrates a new approach to immobilize multiple fluoride salts into a single waste form by converting highly-soluble fluorides to durable and stable oxyfluorides. Notably, we report a method of conversion of CsF, a very problematic salt, into a pyrochlore structure CsNb2O5F. Multiphase assemblages of oxyfluoride phases are prepared in a single step synthesis. Subsequent leach testing of the as prepared oxyfluorides indicate release rates orders of magnitude lower than standard reference glasses.

Graphical abstract