<p>Rice husk activated carbon and Mg/Fe-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized using double-crucible and co-precipitation methods, and the material was utilized in the electrosorption of phosphorus. SEM analysis revealed smaller LDH particle sizes with higher magnesium ratios. The activated carbon synthesized at 650&#xa0;°C showed well-developed mesopores and nanopores. XRD indicated that LDH crystallinity increased with magnesium content. Phosphate electrosorption was optimized using an Mg/Fe ratio of 2:1 mixed with activated carbon, achieving maximum removal at 1.5&#xa0;V. Electrosorption followed the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum capacity of 151.51&#xa0;mg/g. Regeneration tests demonstrated energy recovery, with electrodes desorbing phosphate at 0.94&#xa0;V. These findings demonstrate the potential of the material for sustainable water treatment and agricultural applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Phosphate electrosorption using layered double hydroxides–carbon composites: Adsorption isotherms and energy recovery studies

  • John Mmbaga,
  • Damaris Mbui,
  • Dickson Andala,
  • Julius Mwabora

摘要

Rice husk activated carbon and Mg/Fe-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized using double-crucible and co-precipitation methods, and the material was utilized in the electrosorption of phosphorus. SEM analysis revealed smaller LDH particle sizes with higher magnesium ratios. The activated carbon synthesized at 650 °C showed well-developed mesopores and nanopores. XRD indicated that LDH crystallinity increased with magnesium content. Phosphate electrosorption was optimized using an Mg/Fe ratio of 2:1 mixed with activated carbon, achieving maximum removal at 1.5 V. Electrosorption followed the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum capacity of 151.51 mg/g. Regeneration tests demonstrated energy recovery, with electrodes desorbing phosphate at 0.94 V. These findings demonstrate the potential of the material for sustainable water treatment and agricultural applications.

Graphical abstract