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Abstract <p>Magnetic topology, such as merons and skyrmions, is important from the perspective of both fundamental physics and next-generation spintronic devices. We observe/demonstrate the coexistence of merons and skyrmions in the van der Waals ferromagnet <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Fe}_{5-\textrm{x}}\textrm{GeTe}_2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>Fe</mtext> <mrow> <mn>5</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mtext>x</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mtext>GeTe</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Merons remain stable across a wide temperature range, from 100 K to 290 K, whereas skyrmions are only present within a narrower range from 100 K to approximately 170 K. Our finding reveals that the formation of merons or skyrmions is governed by the local magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Moreover, the spatial variations in local magnetic anisotropy are attributed to subtle fluctuations in Fe content.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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From vortex to bubble: Unraveling formation of merons and skyrmions in van der Waals ferromagnet \(\textrm{Fe}_{5-\textrm{x}}\textrm{GeTe}_2\)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月8日

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  • Yue Li,
  • Nestor J. Zaluzec,
  • Brian W. Casas,
  • Alex Moon,
  • Amanda K. Petford-Long,
  • Luis Balicas,
  • Charudatta M. Phatak

摘要

Abstract

Magnetic topology, such as merons and skyrmions, is important from the perspective of both fundamental physics and next-generation spintronic devices. We observe/demonstrate the coexistence of merons and skyrmions in the van der Waals ferromagnet \(\textrm{Fe}_{5-\textrm{x}}\textrm{GeTe}_2\) Fe 5 - x GeTe 2 . Merons remain stable across a wide temperature range, from 100 K to 290 K, whereas skyrmions are only present within a narrower range from 100 K to approximately 170 K. Our finding reveals that the formation of merons or skyrmions is governed by the local magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Moreover, the spatial variations in local magnetic anisotropy are attributed to subtle fluctuations in Fe content.

Graphical abstract