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<p>Triangular Carbon Nanotube (TCNT) bundle interconnects have emerged as a promising solution due to their reduced electrostatic coupling, which mitigates crosstalk effects and aligns with the ongoing trends in circuit miniaturization. This paper investigates optimal repeater insertion strategies aimed at minimizing delay and power-delay product (PDP) in TCNT bundle interconnects configured in two-line architectures. A comparative analysis with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) bundles is presented. An equivalent circuit model for TCNT bundles is developed, and the impact of key parameters, including interconnect length, width, CNT diameter, and spacing, is analyzed. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is employed to determine the optimal repeater count for the 14&#xa0;nm technology node. Additionally, the computational efficiency of PSO is compared with machine learning-based methods.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Optimization of triangular CNT interconnects for integrated circuits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月5日

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  • K. Seshasai,
  • P. Uma Sathyakam,
  • Kavicharan Mummaneni

摘要

Triangular Carbon Nanotube (TCNT) bundle interconnects have emerged as a promising solution due to their reduced electrostatic coupling, which mitigates crosstalk effects and aligns with the ongoing trends in circuit miniaturization. This paper investigates optimal repeater insertion strategies aimed at minimizing delay and power-delay product (PDP) in TCNT bundle interconnects configured in two-line architectures. A comparative analysis with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) bundles is presented. An equivalent circuit model for TCNT bundles is developed, and the impact of key parameters, including interconnect length, width, CNT diameter, and spacing, is analyzed. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is employed to determine the optimal repeater count for the 14 nm technology node. Additionally, the computational efficiency of PSO is compared with machine learning-based methods.

Graphical abstract