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<p>In this study, (1-<i>x</i>)Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>-Bi<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>: <i>x</i>ZnO composites are studied systematically to reveal the effects of ZnO on structure and functional properties. The XRD and SEM studies show that most of the ZnO acts as a separated phase while some Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions diffuse into the matrix lattice. By Rietveld refinement of XRD data, a decreased rhombohedral phase fraction can be demonstrated. This is manifested by pronounced domain coarsening, reduced domain mobility, and diminished dielectric dispersion. Such a stabilized ferroelectric order effectively improves the thermal stability of composite ceramics, with the <i>T</i><sub>d</sub> increased by 30 ~ 40&#xa0;°C by the addition of ZnO. The optimized <i>x</i> = 0.05 composite ceramics show a large <i>T</i><sub>d</sub> of 166&#xa0;°C and <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> of 117 pC/N simultaneously. Taking advantage of the reduced defect concentration, an excellent fatigue resistance is also achieved in <i>x</i> = 0.05 composite ceramics.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Stabilized ferroelectric state, enhanced thermal, and fatigue endurance in BNT-BKT:ZnO composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Jingzhi Li,
  • Xuefan Zhou,
  • Xi Yuan,
  • Hang Luo,
  • Dou Zhang,
  • Yan Zhang

摘要

In this study, (1-x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3: xZnO composites are studied systematically to reveal the effects of ZnO on structure and functional properties. The XRD and SEM studies show that most of the ZnO acts as a separated phase while some Zn2+ ions diffuse into the matrix lattice. By Rietveld refinement of XRD data, a decreased rhombohedral phase fraction can be demonstrated. This is manifested by pronounced domain coarsening, reduced domain mobility, and diminished dielectric dispersion. Such a stabilized ferroelectric order effectively improves the thermal stability of composite ceramics, with the Td increased by 30 ~ 40 °C by the addition of ZnO. The optimized x = 0.05 composite ceramics show a large Td of 166 °C and d33 of 117 pC/N simultaneously. Taking advantage of the reduced defect concentration, an excellent fatigue resistance is also achieved in x = 0.05 composite ceramics.

Graphical abstract