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<p>This manuscript emphasizes the use of innovative heterojunction materials containing cerium oxycarbonates and zirconium oxide for hydrogen production as a renewable energy source through photocatalytic processes. Samples of Ce(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O∙H<sub>2</sub>O were modified with ZrO<sub>2</sub> at molar concentrations of 4.0%, 6.0%, 8.0%, and 10.0%. It was found that adding ZrO<sub>2</sub> caused the formation of a new phase, cerium hydroxycarbonate (CeCO<sub>3</sub>OH). This produced a ternary material composed of Ce(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O∙H<sub>2</sub>O, CeCO<sub>3</sub>OH, and ZrO<sub>2</sub>. The interaction among these three phases enhances hydrogen production via photocatalysis. The sample with an 8.0% molar concentration of ZrO<sub>2</sub>, labeled as CEZR8, achieved the highest hydrogen yield at 4715 µmolg<sup>−1</sup>. Meanwhile, the bare Ce(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O∙H<sub>2</sub>O and ZrO<sub>2</sub> samples showed no photocatalytic activity. This research demonstrates a synergistic effect among the three phases that boosts charge-carrier transfer, reduces recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons, and thereby increases hydrogen generation.</p> Graphic Abstract <p></p>

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Exploring the additive effect of zirconium oxide in cerium oxide carbonate hydrate for hydrogen production through heterogeneous photocatalysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • S. Méndez-Salazar,
  • Yanet Piña-Pérez,
  • Clara Tzompantzi-Flores,
  • C. E. Santolalla-Vargas,
  • F. Tzompantzi

摘要

This manuscript emphasizes the use of innovative heterojunction materials containing cerium oxycarbonates and zirconium oxide for hydrogen production as a renewable energy source through photocatalytic processes. Samples of Ce(CO3)2O∙H2O were modified with ZrO2 at molar concentrations of 4.0%, 6.0%, 8.0%, and 10.0%. It was found that adding ZrO2 caused the formation of a new phase, cerium hydroxycarbonate (CeCO3OH). This produced a ternary material composed of Ce(CO3)2O∙H2O, CeCO3OH, and ZrO2. The interaction among these three phases enhances hydrogen production via photocatalysis. The sample with an 8.0% molar concentration of ZrO2, labeled as CEZR8, achieved the highest hydrogen yield at 4715 µmolg−1. Meanwhile, the bare Ce(CO3)2O∙H2O and ZrO2 samples showed no photocatalytic activity. This research demonstrates a synergistic effect among the three phases that boosts charge-carrier transfer, reduces recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons, and thereby increases hydrogen generation.

Graphic Abstract