<p>Copper-based nanoparticles have emerged as promising antimicrobial agents, capable of straightforward fabrication through precipitation reactions. The chemical precipitation of these nanostructures involves a wide variety of chemicals, including different copper precursors, stabilizers, and precipitating agents. As a result, the synthesized nanoparticles display a range of physicochemical and biological properties. Therefore, understanding how different compounds influence nanoparticle synthesis is crucial for obtaining nanoparticles with desired characteristics. However, the variability in chemical agents used across published studies can be perplexing for less experienced researchers. This review investigates the impact of various reaction components (such as copper precursors, stabilizers, reducing agents, and precipitating agents) on the physicochemical properties and antimicrobial effectiveness of copper-based nanoparticles produced through precipitation methods. By analyzing recent research, we aim to provide insights that optimize synthesis protocols, thereby facilitating the development of cost-effective antimicrobial agents.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>