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<p>Since the last comprehensive report in <i>MRS Bulletin</i> in 2018, the field of thermoelectricity has witnessed remarkable advancements. These innovations have been driven by a deeper understanding of the underlying physics, inventive material design, and progress in computational and experimental techniques. Developments in first-principles-based methods, molecular dynamics, and computational heat transfer have enhanced our understanding of efficient heat-to-electricity conversion. Simultaneously, data science, particularly machine learning, has enabled efficient screening and design of thermoelectric materials. A sustainable futuristic economy requires the development of thermoelectric modules and materials that are highly efficient, mechanically, thermally, and chemically stable, and composed of earth-abundant, nontoxic elements. This issue of <i>MRS Bulletin&#xa0;</i>highlights key innovations, from spin-caloritronic effects and topological transport to the design of high-performance half-Heusler alloys and tellurium-free thermoelectrics. Power generation and cooling for industrial and commercial applications in areas such as the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries are covered. By connecting theory, materials innovation, and device integration, this theme issue offers a holistic snapshot of the field’s evolution and its growing role in next-generation energy technologies.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Innovation in thermoelectric materials: From fundamental physics to practical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Sepideh Akhbarifar,
  • Mona Zebarjadi

摘要

Since the last comprehensive report in MRS Bulletin in 2018, the field of thermoelectricity has witnessed remarkable advancements. These innovations have been driven by a deeper understanding of the underlying physics, inventive material design, and progress in computational and experimental techniques. Developments in first-principles-based methods, molecular dynamics, and computational heat transfer have enhanced our understanding of efficient heat-to-electricity conversion. Simultaneously, data science, particularly machine learning, has enabled efficient screening and design of thermoelectric materials. A sustainable futuristic economy requires the development of thermoelectric modules and materials that are highly efficient, mechanically, thermally, and chemically stable, and composed of earth-abundant, nontoxic elements. This issue of MRS Bulletin highlights key innovations, from spin-caloritronic effects and topological transport to the design of high-performance half-Heusler alloys and tellurium-free thermoelectrics. Power generation and cooling for industrial and commercial applications in areas such as the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries are covered. By connecting theory, materials innovation, and device integration, this theme issue offers a holistic snapshot of the field’s evolution and its growing role in next-generation energy technologies.

Graphical abstract