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<p>Performing prolonged aerobic exercise in a fasted state may contribute to acute reductions in carbohydrate and energy availability, physiological conditions associated with disrupted bone remodeling and increased risk for bone stress fractures. While strategies such as maintaining optimal carbohydrate availability prior to exercise can attenuate markers of bone resorption, the effects of carbohydrate availability during the initial 24&#xa0;h of recovery following fasted aerobic exercise remain unclear.</p><p><b>Purpose</b> Determine the effects of low (LOW) versus adequate (AD) carbohydrate availability on bone turnover markers during a 24-h recovery period from aerobic exercise performed in a fasted state.</p><p><b>Methods</b> Twelve men (21 ± 3 yrs, 1.8 ± 0.1&#xa0;m, 81 ± 13&#xa0;kg, 26 ± 3&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup>, mean ± SD) completed this randomized, crossover study. Participants performed two glycogen depletion trials, followed by a 3-h recovery period where they consumed either a carbohydrate beverage (1&#xa0;g/kg/h) or a nutrient free control. Participants then consumed either an AD (6.0&#xa0;g/kg carbohydrate, 1.0&#xa0;g/kg fat) or LOW (1.5&#xa0;g/kg carbohydrate, 3.0&#xa0;g/kg fat) isocaloric carbohydrate diets for the remainder of the day. Blood samples were collected following a 10&#xa0;h overnight fast before exercise and 0, 3, and 24-h post-exercise to assess changes in blood markers of bone turnover.</p><p><b>Results</b> CTX-1 concentrations were significantly lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in AD at 3 and 24&#xa0;h post-exercise compared with LOW. P1NP was significantly higher (<i>p</i> = 0.029) in AD 24&#xa0;h post-exercise compared with LOW. There were no differences between treatment groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) for BAP, Total OC, or TRAcP5b.</p><p><b>Conclusion</b> Adequate carbohydrate intake during recovery from fasted aerobic exercise mitigates bone resorption markers and promotes bone formation markers compared with low carbohydrate intake. These results emphasize the importance of carbohydrate availability for skeletal protection in populations exposed to high physical demands, such as military personnel and endurance athletes.</p>

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Low carbohydrate availability in recovery from fasted aerobic exercise negatively effects markers of bone turnover in males

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月1日

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  • Kimberly N. Panik,
  • Marques A. Wilson,
  • Claire C. Whitney,
  • Christopher T. Carrigan,
  • Lee M. Margolis

摘要

Performing prolonged aerobic exercise in a fasted state may contribute to acute reductions in carbohydrate and energy availability, physiological conditions associated with disrupted bone remodeling and increased risk for bone stress fractures. While strategies such as maintaining optimal carbohydrate availability prior to exercise can attenuate markers of bone resorption, the effects of carbohydrate availability during the initial 24 h of recovery following fasted aerobic exercise remain unclear.

Purpose Determine the effects of low (LOW) versus adequate (AD) carbohydrate availability on bone turnover markers during a 24-h recovery period from aerobic exercise performed in a fasted state.

Methods Twelve men (21 ± 3 yrs, 1.8 ± 0.1 m, 81 ± 13 kg, 26 ± 3 kg/m2, mean ± SD) completed this randomized, crossover study. Participants performed two glycogen depletion trials, followed by a 3-h recovery period where they consumed either a carbohydrate beverage (1 g/kg/h) or a nutrient free control. Participants then consumed either an AD (6.0 g/kg carbohydrate, 1.0 g/kg fat) or LOW (1.5 g/kg carbohydrate, 3.0 g/kg fat) isocaloric carbohydrate diets for the remainder of the day. Blood samples were collected following a 10 h overnight fast before exercise and 0, 3, and 24-h post-exercise to assess changes in blood markers of bone turnover.

Results CTX-1 concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in AD at 3 and 24 h post-exercise compared with LOW. P1NP was significantly higher (p = 0.029) in AD 24 h post-exercise compared with LOW. There were no differences between treatment groups (p > 0.05) for BAP, Total OC, or TRAcP5b.

Conclusion Adequate carbohydrate intake during recovery from fasted aerobic exercise mitigates bone resorption markers and promotes bone formation markers compared with low carbohydrate intake. These results emphasize the importance of carbohydrate availability for skeletal protection in populations exposed to high physical demands, such as military personnel and endurance athletes.