Scholarlink

<p>Canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA) is a locoregionally aggressive tumor that frequently metastasizes to the iliosacral lymph nodes. Surgical treatment is typically considered the first line treatment for most primary anal sac tumors. In patients undergoing iliosacral lymph node extirpation the incidence of surgical complication such as hemorrhage is up to 18%, and mortality rate is up to 2.2%. The risk of complication associated with iliosacral lymph node extirpation was higher if lymph node size was &gt;4.5cm compared with &lt;4.5cm.</p><p> The clinical role of conventionally fractionated definitive radiation therapy (CFDRT) is not well defined for microscopic canine AGASACA post operatively. In some studies adjuvant CFDRT did not result in a significant improvement in survival time. Patients undergoing CFDRT will develop moderate to severe acute radiation therapy (RT) side effects that may occur in organs at risk such as in the rectum, colon, urinary bladder, skin and spinal cord. Patients undergoing this treatment modality are also at risk for late side effects which are mediated to varying degrees by the total dose administered and the fraction size used. Similarly, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy are ill-defined in the veterinary literature for canine AGASACA. To date, there has been no study that has shown a significant survival benefit for AGASACA that includes chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment modality to surgery, or RT. The role of targeted treatments such as toceranib are also not well defined and are discussed more thoroughly elsewhere (Repasy, Selmic and&#xa0;Kisseberth,&#xa0;Top Companion Anim Med&#xa0;50:100682, 2022;&#xa0;Elliott, J Am Vet Med Assoc&#xa0;254:960–966, 2019;&#xa0;Heaton, Fernandes,&#xa0;Jark and&#xa0;Pan,&#xa0;J Vet Intern Med&#xa0;34:873–881, 2020). The role of hypofractionated/palliative RT is better defined compared to CFDRT in canine AGASACA and may result in favorable outcomes. Although there is only very limited data available, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), in canine AGASACA appears to cause more acute side effects and potentially a higher risk of late side effects. In this manuscript we will outline the evidence for different treatment approaches in canine AGASACA from the perspective of the Veterinary Radiation Oncologist.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Role of radiotherapy in canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma: a review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

查看全文
  • Keiko Murakami,
  • Nicholas Rancilio

摘要

Canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA) is a locoregionally aggressive tumor that frequently metastasizes to the iliosacral lymph nodes. Surgical treatment is typically considered the first line treatment for most primary anal sac tumors. In patients undergoing iliosacral lymph node extirpation the incidence of surgical complication such as hemorrhage is up to 18%, and mortality rate is up to 2.2%. The risk of complication associated with iliosacral lymph node extirpation was higher if lymph node size was >4.5cm compared with <4.5cm.

The clinical role of conventionally fractionated definitive radiation therapy (CFDRT) is not well defined for microscopic canine AGASACA post operatively. In some studies adjuvant CFDRT did not result in a significant improvement in survival time. Patients undergoing CFDRT will develop moderate to severe acute radiation therapy (RT) side effects that may occur in organs at risk such as in the rectum, colon, urinary bladder, skin and spinal cord. Patients undergoing this treatment modality are also at risk for late side effects which are mediated to varying degrees by the total dose administered and the fraction size used. Similarly, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy are ill-defined in the veterinary literature for canine AGASACA. To date, there has been no study that has shown a significant survival benefit for AGASACA that includes chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment modality to surgery, or RT. The role of targeted treatments such as toceranib are also not well defined and are discussed more thoroughly elsewhere (Repasy, Selmic and Kisseberth, Top Companion Anim Med 50:100682, 2022; Elliott, J Am Vet Med Assoc 254:960–966, 2019; Heaton, Fernandes, Jark and Pan, J Vet Intern Med 34:873–881, 2020). The role of hypofractionated/palliative RT is better defined compared to CFDRT in canine AGASACA and may result in favorable outcomes. Although there is only very limited data available, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), in canine AGASACA appears to cause more acute side effects and potentially a higher risk of late side effects. In this manuscript we will outline the evidence for different treatment approaches in canine AGASACA from the perspective of the Veterinary Radiation Oncologist.