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<p>The transition to circular building materials require that their biological durability be well understood. Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are bio-fabricated materials produced through fungal biotechnology, where the fungal growth on lignocellulosic substrates forms a natural adhesive through the colonisation and digestion process. While MBCs have emerged as promising low-carbon insulation materials, assessing their durability, specifically resistance to mould, represents a key research gap. Standard mould assessment methods often rely on subjective visual scoring, with this subjectivity a challenge for MBCs due to their inherent surface heterogeneity and natural colour variation. This study investigates the mould susceptibility of MBCs produced from hemp-shiv and <i>Ganoderma curtisii</i> mycelium under high-humidity, wetting conditions. Mould growth was observed on all specimens, confirming the need for routine testing of bio-based materials under moisture stress. To address the limitations of subjective evaluation, a non-destructive image-based method using Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) contrast metrics was developed to quantify changes in surface texture over time, using time-lapse images taken during the incubation period. Human visual detection of mould onset, assessed through a perception survey, aligned with GLCM-derived estimates, validating the method’s ability to capture biologically relevant surface changes. This approach offers a low-cost, scalable, and objective tool for monitoring mould progression on heterogeneous bio-based materials and provides a foundation for improved durability testing and post-installation assessment of biomaterials in construction.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Image-based evaluation of mould susceptibility in mycelium-derived biomaterials for sustainable construction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Joni Wildman,
  • Valeria Cascione,
  • Daniel Henk,
  • Andrew Shea

摘要

The transition to circular building materials require that their biological durability be well understood. Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are bio-fabricated materials produced through fungal biotechnology, where the fungal growth on lignocellulosic substrates forms a natural adhesive through the colonisation and digestion process. While MBCs have emerged as promising low-carbon insulation materials, assessing their durability, specifically resistance to mould, represents a key research gap. Standard mould assessment methods often rely on subjective visual scoring, with this subjectivity a challenge for MBCs due to their inherent surface heterogeneity and natural colour variation. This study investigates the mould susceptibility of MBCs produced from hemp-shiv and Ganoderma curtisii mycelium under high-humidity, wetting conditions. Mould growth was observed on all specimens, confirming the need for routine testing of bio-based materials under moisture stress. To address the limitations of subjective evaluation, a non-destructive image-based method using Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) contrast metrics was developed to quantify changes in surface texture over time, using time-lapse images taken during the incubation period. Human visual detection of mould onset, assessed through a perception survey, aligned with GLCM-derived estimates, validating the method’s ability to capture biologically relevant surface changes. This approach offers a low-cost, scalable, and objective tool for monitoring mould progression on heterogeneous bio-based materials and provides a foundation for improved durability testing and post-installation assessment of biomaterials in construction.

Graphical Abstract