<p>The increasing global need for clean and sustainable energy has led to a surge in research on efficient wind energy conversion systems. The H-type Darrieus wind turbine has drawn a lot of interest among vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) because of its straightforward design, acceptance of omnidirectional winds, and adaptability to low-wind and urban settings. The aerodynamic performance of H-type Darrieus wind turbines are thoroughly examined in this review, with particular attention paid to important design elements such blade profile, pitch angle, solidity, number of blades, and tip speed ratio (TSR). The impact of flow separation, vortex formation, and dynamic stall on turbine efficiency is also highlighted in the review. In order to comprehend flow behaviour and optimize performance, both experimental studies and numerical simulations, including those based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and blade element momentum (BEM) theory are covered. Additionally examined are recent developments in passive and active flow control methodologies. In addition to identifying future research directions for improving the efficiency and applicability of H-type Darrieus turbines, this study attempts to provide a comprehensive understanding of the aerodynamic factors influencing their performance.</p>