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<p>This study investigates the synergistic effects of nanosilica (NS) and graphene oxide (GO) in enhancing the performance of untreated recycled brick aggregate (RBA) concrete, using both 100% ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and a 50:50 OPC–LC<sup>3</sup> (limestone-calcined clay) binder system. The experimental work focuses on multi-performance optimization across mechanical, durability, and environmental parameters. Statistical analysis confirmed significant improvements in compressive strength and durability when NS and GO were used in combination, achieving a 23.8% increase in 180-day compressive strength (44.8&#xa0;MPa) and a 64% reduction in chloride migration. The optimization process, utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM), identified the optimal combination of 3% NS and 0.05% GO for OPC and 2.5% NS with 0.04% GO for LC<sup>3</sup>, balancing mechanical performance and environmental sustainability. Life cycle assessment (LCA) showed that LC<sup>3</sup>-based mixes reduced Global Warming Potential (GWP) by 19%, while maintaining comparable mechanical and durability performance to OPC systems. This study demonstrates the potential of nanomodification combined with low-carbon binders to produce sustainable, high-performance concrete, offering a data-driven framework for optimizing RBA-based concrete for infrastructure applications.</p>

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Synergistic nanomodification of untreated recycled brick aggregate concrete with nanosilica and graphene oxide in OPC–LC3 binders: multi-performance optimization and life cycle assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月9日

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  • Asif Hossain Abir,
  • Arpita Mozumder

摘要

This study investigates the synergistic effects of nanosilica (NS) and graphene oxide (GO) in enhancing the performance of untreated recycled brick aggregate (RBA) concrete, using both 100% ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and a 50:50 OPC–LC3 (limestone-calcined clay) binder system. The experimental work focuses on multi-performance optimization across mechanical, durability, and environmental parameters. Statistical analysis confirmed significant improvements in compressive strength and durability when NS and GO were used in combination, achieving a 23.8% increase in 180-day compressive strength (44.8 MPa) and a 64% reduction in chloride migration. The optimization process, utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM), identified the optimal combination of 3% NS and 0.05% GO for OPC and 2.5% NS with 0.04% GO for LC3, balancing mechanical performance and environmental sustainability. Life cycle assessment (LCA) showed that LC3-based mixes reduced Global Warming Potential (GWP) by 19%, while maintaining comparable mechanical and durability performance to OPC systems. This study demonstrates the potential of nanomodification combined with low-carbon binders to produce sustainable, high-performance concrete, offering a data-driven framework for optimizing RBA-based concrete for infrastructure applications.