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Background <p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; WHO Group 1 pulmonary hypertension) is a serious and progressive vascular disorder. Recent studies indicate that the global prevalence of PAH is rising. The burden of PAH in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) has not been well studied.</p> Aims <p>To examine the epidemiology and burden of PAH in the EMR from 1990 to 2021, comparing data by sex, age, location, and socio-demographic index (SDI).</p> Study design <p>Systematic analysis.</p> Methods <p>Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021) was analyzed to evaluate incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths for PAH. Accompanying 95% uncertainty intervals were provided and findings were presented as absolute counts and age-standardized rates.</p> Results <p>In 2021, the EMR reported 11.1 thousand prevalent cases and 3.4 thousand incident cases of PAH, with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 0.5 per 100.000 and an age-standardized prevalence rate of 1.8. PAH contributed to more than 92,400 DALYs and was responsible for more than 1,800 deaths. The age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized death rate were 13.7 and 0.4, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized rates of all of the metrics decreased significantly. The disease was more prevalent among women than in men, with their incidence and prevalence peaking in the 75–79 age group. High SDI countries generally reported lower DALY and death rates.</p> Conclusion <p>The burden of PAH in the EMR varied by country, with older adults, especially women, facing higher incidence and death. To reduce the PAH burden, effective management is needed, including early diagnosis, improved treatment access, and preventive care.</p>

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Sex, age, and socioeconomic determinants of pulmonary arterial hypertension burden in the Eastern Mediterranean

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan,
  • Mehra Fekri,
  • Hadi Amini,
  • Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi

摘要

Background

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; WHO Group 1 pulmonary hypertension) is a serious and progressive vascular disorder. Recent studies indicate that the global prevalence of PAH is rising. The burden of PAH in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) has not been well studied.

Aims

To examine the epidemiology and burden of PAH in the EMR from 1990 to 2021, comparing data by sex, age, location, and socio-demographic index (SDI).

Study design

Systematic analysis.

Methods

Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021) was analyzed to evaluate incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths for PAH. Accompanying 95% uncertainty intervals were provided and findings were presented as absolute counts and age-standardized rates.

Results

In 2021, the EMR reported 11.1 thousand prevalent cases and 3.4 thousand incident cases of PAH, with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 0.5 per 100.000 and an age-standardized prevalence rate of 1.8. PAH contributed to more than 92,400 DALYs and was responsible for more than 1,800 deaths. The age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized death rate were 13.7 and 0.4, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized rates of all of the metrics decreased significantly. The disease was more prevalent among women than in men, with their incidence and prevalence peaking in the 75–79 age group. High SDI countries generally reported lower DALY and death rates.

Conclusion

The burden of PAH in the EMR varied by country, with older adults, especially women, facing higher incidence and death. To reduce the PAH burden, effective management is needed, including early diagnosis, improved treatment access, and preventive care.