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Background <p>Although Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was recognized over a century ago, its precise cause is still unclear. There are raised concerns that plasticizers like phthalate are related to exacerbation of HT.</p> Aim <p>We investigated the potential link of urinary phthalate to thyroid functions in HT.</p> Patients and methods <p>Our comparative cross-sectional study involved 80 participants, 60 of them had newly diagnosed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (Group A) who were further subdivided into Group A1: 20 euthyroid patients, Group A2: 20 participants having TSH between 5.1 and 10&#xa0;mIU/ml and Group A3: 20 subjects who had TSH &gt; 10&#xa0;mIU/ml. The remaining 20 participants had no autoimmune thyroid disease with negative anti-thyroid antibodies (Group B) and served as control. We measured thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyroid peroxidase antibody and the urinary phthalates: mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, monoethyl phthalate and monobutyl phthalate for all participants.</p> Results <p>In patients with HT collectively (group A) each of the measured urinary phthalates had a positive correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone and a negative correlation with free thyroxine. In the same group mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, monoethyl phthalate and not monobutyl phthalate had a negative correlation with free triiodothyronine. Comparing the subgroups of group A subgroups and group B there was a significant difference in the levels of each of the urinary phthalate markers, all being the highest in group A3.</p> Conclusion <p>Urinary phthalates were significantly related to thyroid hormone levels in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. This supports the concerns raised around urinary phthalate affecting the severity of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.</p>

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Urinary phthalate and thyroid function tests in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Salah Hussien Elhalwany,
  • Yara Mohamed Ahmed Eid,
  • Laila Mahmoud Hendawy,
  • Hoda Adel Afifi,
  • Mohanad Osman Norain Ahmed,
  • Caroline Adel Girgis Bishay

摘要

Background

Although Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was recognized over a century ago, its precise cause is still unclear. There are raised concerns that plasticizers like phthalate are related to exacerbation of HT.

Aim

We investigated the potential link of urinary phthalate to thyroid functions in HT.

Patients and methods

Our comparative cross-sectional study involved 80 participants, 60 of them had newly diagnosed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (Group A) who were further subdivided into Group A1: 20 euthyroid patients, Group A2: 20 participants having TSH between 5.1 and 10 mIU/ml and Group A3: 20 subjects who had TSH > 10 mIU/ml. The remaining 20 participants had no autoimmune thyroid disease with negative anti-thyroid antibodies (Group B) and served as control. We measured thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyroid peroxidase antibody and the urinary phthalates: mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, monoethyl phthalate and monobutyl phthalate for all participants.

Results

In patients with HT collectively (group A) each of the measured urinary phthalates had a positive correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone and a negative correlation with free thyroxine. In the same group mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, monoethyl phthalate and not monobutyl phthalate had a negative correlation with free triiodothyronine. Comparing the subgroups of group A subgroups and group B there was a significant difference in the levels of each of the urinary phthalate markers, all being the highest in group A3.

Conclusion

Urinary phthalates were significantly related to thyroid hormone levels in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. This supports the concerns raised around urinary phthalate affecting the severity of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.