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Background <p><i>Mimosa tenuiflora</i> (Willd.) is an essential leguminous tree used in Brazilian northeastern folk medicine, and its extracts have been tested against larvae of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>. These tests typically use parts from adult plants collected in natural environments. However, <i>M. tenuiflora</i> seedlings can be successfully produced using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation technology. Previous studies have reported the benefits of inoculation on <i>M. tenuiflora</i> growth and the accumulation of secondary metabolites, while data on how inoculation affects the biological activities of extracts remain limited. This work investigated the potential of field inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to enhance <i>M. tenuiflora</i> production, focusing on increasing total phenolic levels and improving the larvicidal activity of its extracts against <i>Ae. aegypti</i>.</p> Results <p>Inoculation with <i>Gigaspora albida</i> resulted in higher levels of total phenolics, death of larvae, and lower lethal concentration (LC) compared with other treatments. The concentration of phenolics was 249.87&#xa0;mg. g<sup>−1</sup>, and the percentage of death after 48&#xa0;h was 68.33%. At 48&#xa0;h, the LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values were 147&#xa0;µg. mL<sup>−1</sup> and 1301.83&#xa0;µg. mL<sup>−1</sup> for extracts from plants inoculated with <i>G. albida.</i> For the non-inoculated controls, the LC<sub>50</sub> was 800.67&#xa0;µg. mL<sup>−1</sup> and LC<sub>90</sub> 8194.26&#xa0;µg. mL<sup>−1</sup>, while the inoculation with <i>Claroideoglomus etunicatum</i> resulted in LC<sub>50</sub> 1179.16&#xa0;µg. mL<sup>−1</sup> and LC<sub>90</sub> 3050.32&#xa0;µg. mL<sup>−1</sup>. No differences were observed in the percentage of larvae mortality between extracts from plants inoculated with <i>C. etunicatum</i> and non-inoculated controls. The increased concentration of total phenolics in plants inoculated with <i>G. albida</i> might contribute to the observed potent larvicidal activity. Under field conditions, inoculation of <i>M. tenuiflora</i> with <i>G. albida</i> increases phenolics and larvicidal activity against <i>Ae. aegypti</i> L3 larvae, proving more effective than inoculation with <i>C. etunicatum</i>.</p> Conclusions <p>The results herein corroborate mycorrhizal technology for improving biological plant-derived activities, indicating <i>G. albida</i> as the best arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus to improve the larvicidal effects of <i>M. tenuiflora</i> extracts.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on larvicidal activity and phenolic compounds in Mimosa tenuiflora cultivated under field conditions

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Joao Cleme Ananias de Sousa-Junior,
  • Melquisedec de Sousa Oliveira,
  • Carlos Henrique de Araújo Dias,
  • Andréia Amariz,
  • Maryluce Albuquerque da Silva Campos

摘要

Background

Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) is an essential leguminous tree used in Brazilian northeastern folk medicine, and its extracts have been tested against larvae of Aedes aegypti. These tests typically use parts from adult plants collected in natural environments. However, M. tenuiflora seedlings can be successfully produced using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation technology. Previous studies have reported the benefits of inoculation on M. tenuiflora growth and the accumulation of secondary metabolites, while data on how inoculation affects the biological activities of extracts remain limited. This work investigated the potential of field inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to enhance M. tenuiflora production, focusing on increasing total phenolic levels and improving the larvicidal activity of its extracts against Ae. aegypti.

Results

Inoculation with Gigaspora albida resulted in higher levels of total phenolics, death of larvae, and lower lethal concentration (LC) compared with other treatments. The concentration of phenolics was 249.87 mg. g−1, and the percentage of death after 48 h was 68.33%. At 48 h, the LC50 and LC90 values were 147 µg. mL−1 and 1301.83 µg. mL−1 for extracts from plants inoculated with G. albida. For the non-inoculated controls, the LC50 was 800.67 µg. mL−1 and LC90 8194.26 µg. mL−1, while the inoculation with Claroideoglomus etunicatum resulted in LC50 1179.16 µg. mL−1 and LC90 3050.32 µg. mL−1. No differences were observed in the percentage of larvae mortality between extracts from plants inoculated with C. etunicatum and non-inoculated controls. The increased concentration of total phenolics in plants inoculated with G. albida might contribute to the observed potent larvicidal activity. Under field conditions, inoculation of M. tenuiflora with G. albida increases phenolics and larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti L3 larvae, proving more effective than inoculation with C. etunicatum.

Conclusions

The results herein corroborate mycorrhizal technology for improving biological plant-derived activities, indicating G. albida as the best arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus to improve the larvicidal effects of M. tenuiflora extracts.

Graphical abstract