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Background <p>Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality resulting from respiratory dysfunction that occurs at or shortly after birth. Therefore, accurate prenatal evaluation of fetal lung maturity (FLM) is necessary and urgent to reduce neonatal complications.</p> Aim <p>This study aimed to investigate the role of fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler indices in prediction of fetal lung maturity (FLM) and neonatal RDS.</p> Methods <p>This prospective cross-sectional study included 30 pregnant ladies between 32 and 38&#xa0;weeks of gestation. All participants underwent conventional 2D ultrasound and Color Doppler ultrasound examination within 48&#xa0;h before delivery and postnatal follow up.</p> <p>Doppler parameters including acceleration time (AT), ejection time (ET), AT/ET ratio,pulsatility index (PI), resistive index (RI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were analyzed and correlated with neonatal respiratory outcomes.</p> Results <p>The MPA acceleration time /ejection time (AT/ET) ratio demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance for predicting neonatal RDS, with an area under the curve (AUC = 0.995, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). A cut-off value of ≤ 0.282, achieving 100% sensitivity and 95.24% specificity.The RI also showed high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.857, <i>p</i> = 0.002) with a cut-off of &gt; 0.89, showing 77.78% sensitivity and 95.24% specificity. Meanwhile, the PI showed an AUC of 0.786 (<i>p</i> = 0.015) with a cut-off value of ≤ 1.82. Other parameters, including AT, ET, and peak systolic velocity, showed lower diagnostic performance.Significant differences in pulmonary artery Doppler indices were observed between neonates with and without RDS.</p> Conclusions <p>Thefetal pulmonary artery AT/ET ratio showed high diagnostic accuracy in predicting neonatal RDS. Significant differences in RI and PI among RDS and non-RDS cases further support the clinical utility of fetal pulmonary artery Doppler in evaluating FLM and predicting neonatal respiratory outcomes.</p>

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Prediction of fetal lung maturity using the fetal pulmonary artery doppler wave parameters

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Ghada Ahmed El-Tabakh,
  • Lamees Mohamed Ghith,
  • Shereef Lotfy El Showikh,
  • Hanan Mohamed Saleh El Ahwal

摘要

Background

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality resulting from respiratory dysfunction that occurs at or shortly after birth. Therefore, accurate prenatal evaluation of fetal lung maturity (FLM) is necessary and urgent to reduce neonatal complications.

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the role of fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler indices in prediction of fetal lung maturity (FLM) and neonatal RDS.

Methods

This prospective cross-sectional study included 30 pregnant ladies between 32 and 38 weeks of gestation. All participants underwent conventional 2D ultrasound and Color Doppler ultrasound examination within 48 h before delivery and postnatal follow up.

Doppler parameters including acceleration time (AT), ejection time (ET), AT/ET ratio,pulsatility index (PI), resistive index (RI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were analyzed and correlated with neonatal respiratory outcomes.

Results

The MPA acceleration time /ejection time (AT/ET) ratio demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance for predicting neonatal RDS, with an area under the curve (AUC = 0.995, p < 0.001). A cut-off value of ≤ 0.282, achieving 100% sensitivity and 95.24% specificity.The RI also showed high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.857, p = 0.002) with a cut-off of > 0.89, showing 77.78% sensitivity and 95.24% specificity. Meanwhile, the PI showed an AUC of 0.786 (p = 0.015) with a cut-off value of ≤ 1.82. Other parameters, including AT, ET, and peak systolic velocity, showed lower diagnostic performance.Significant differences in pulmonary artery Doppler indices were observed between neonates with and without RDS.

Conclusions

Thefetal pulmonary artery AT/ET ratio showed high diagnostic accuracy in predicting neonatal RDS. Significant differences in RI and PI among RDS and non-RDS cases further support the clinical utility of fetal pulmonary artery Doppler in evaluating FLM and predicting neonatal respiratory outcomes.