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Purpose <p>This study aimed to analyse the relationship between cranial deformations (CD), nasal obstruction, and middle ear function in infants up to 12&#xa0;months of age.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted with a sample of 10 babies (3 females, 7 males) aged between 1 and 7&#xa0;months. ​ The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methodologies, including the Pediatric Respiratory Severity Scale, tympanometry, and cranial anthropometry using a craniometer. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28, with a 95% confidence interval.</p> Results <p>Of the 10 participants, 70% had cranial asymmetry index (CAI) alterations, and 60% had cephalic ratio (CR) alterations. ​ Nasal obstruction was observed in 60% of the babies. ​ A significant linear relationship was found between CAI and ear canal volume bilaterally, and between CAI and right ear compliance. ​ Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between CR and ear canal volume. ​ However, no statistically significant relationship was found between CD and nasal obstruction or middle ear pressure values.</p> Conclusion <p>The study found no direct relationship between cranial deformities and nasal obstruction, although a tendency for nasal obstruction in babies with plagiocephaly and brachycephaly was noted. ​ An increase in CAI was associated with a decrease in ear canal volume and right middle ear compliance, while an increase in CR was related to an increase in ear canal volume. ​ These findings suggest that cranial deformities may impact middle ear function and structure, highlighting the importance of early referral to ENT specialists for infants with CD.</p>

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Relationship of cranial deformation with nasal obstruction and middle ear function in babies: cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Ana Jacinta Gomes,
  • Angélica Tavares,
  • Maria Sousa Silva,
  • Cláudia Silva,
  • Ana Alexandrino,
  • Goreti Varela,
  • António Mota,
  • David Tomé

摘要

Purpose

This study aimed to analyse the relationship between cranial deformations (CD), nasal obstruction, and middle ear function in infants up to 12 months of age.

Methods

A cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted with a sample of 10 babies (3 females, 7 males) aged between 1 and 7 months. ​ The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methodologies, including the Pediatric Respiratory Severity Scale, tympanometry, and cranial anthropometry using a craniometer. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28, with a 95% confidence interval.

Results

Of the 10 participants, 70% had cranial asymmetry index (CAI) alterations, and 60% had cephalic ratio (CR) alterations. ​ Nasal obstruction was observed in 60% of the babies. ​ A significant linear relationship was found between CAI and ear canal volume bilaterally, and between CAI and right ear compliance. ​ Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between CR and ear canal volume. ​ However, no statistically significant relationship was found between CD and nasal obstruction or middle ear pressure values.

Conclusion

The study found no direct relationship between cranial deformities and nasal obstruction, although a tendency for nasal obstruction in babies with plagiocephaly and brachycephaly was noted. ​ An increase in CAI was associated with a decrease in ear canal volume and right middle ear compliance, while an increase in CR was related to an increase in ear canal volume. ​ These findings suggest that cranial deformities may impact middle ear function and structure, highlighting the importance of early referral to ENT specialists for infants with CD.