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<p>This study evaluates engine performance and emission characteristics of diesel/biodiesel/HVO blends (biodiesel: 0–30% vol., HVO: 10% vol.). Results demonstrate significant reductions: PM<sub>2.5</sub> (12.5–43.9%), CO (8.01–24.5%), SO₂ (7.69–25.9%), and NOx (3.33% reduction via HVO addition). Metal emissions (Na/Fe/Ca/Al &gt; 80% of total detected metals) decreased by 24.3–26.8%, while brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) improved by 2.21%. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy revealed consistent PM<sub>2.5</sub> microstructural properties across blends (g-factor: 2.0033–2.0035), though radical concentrations (3.0 × 10<sup>18</sup>-7.4 × 10<sup>18</sup> spins/g) exceeded ambient levels by 10-fold. Raman analysis confirmed invariant carbon nanostructures (D/G band ratio: 0.910–0.943), indicating fuel composition primarily modulates emission quantity rather than particulate quality. These findings establish HVO-biodiesel blends as effective fossil diesel alternatives, warranting further research on environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs).</p>

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The innovative blend of HVO and biodiesel with diesel for higher generator efficiency, reduction in pollutants and investigation of persistent free radicals emissions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Pei-Cheng Cheng,
  • Guor-Cheng Fang,
  • Shang-Cyuan Chen,
  • Feng-Chih Chou,
  • Tzu-Yu Chen,
  • Yuan-Chung Lin

摘要

This study evaluates engine performance and emission characteristics of diesel/biodiesel/HVO blends (biodiesel: 0–30% vol., HVO: 10% vol.). Results demonstrate significant reductions: PM2.5 (12.5–43.9%), CO (8.01–24.5%), SO₂ (7.69–25.9%), and NOx (3.33% reduction via HVO addition). Metal emissions (Na/Fe/Ca/Al > 80% of total detected metals) decreased by 24.3–26.8%, while brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) improved by 2.21%. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy revealed consistent PM2.5 microstructural properties across blends (g-factor: 2.0033–2.0035), though radical concentrations (3.0 × 1018-7.4 × 1018 spins/g) exceeded ambient levels by 10-fold. Raman analysis confirmed invariant carbon nanostructures (D/G band ratio: 0.910–0.943), indicating fuel composition primarily modulates emission quantity rather than particulate quality. These findings establish HVO-biodiesel blends as effective fossil diesel alternatives, warranting further research on environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs).