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Background <p>The bacterial genus <i>Endozoicomonas</i> is a predominant member of the coral microbiome, widely recognised for its ubiquity and ability to form high-density aggregates within coral tissues. Hence, investigating its metabolic interplay with coral hosts offers critical insights into its ecological roles and contributions to coral health and resilience.</p> Results <p>Using long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing of 11 <i>Endozoicomonas</i> strains from <i>Acropora loripes</i>, genome sizes were found to range between 5.8 and 7.1 Mbp. Phylogenomic analysis identified two distinct clades within the family Endozoicomonadaceae. Metabolic reconstruction uncovered clade-specific pathways, including the degradation of holobiont-derived carbon and lipids (e.g., galactose, starch, triacylglycerol, D-glucuronate), the latter of which suggests involvement of <i>Endozoicomonas</i> in host ‘sex-type’ steroid hormone metabolism. A clade-specific type 6 Secretion System (T6SS) and predicted effector molecules were identified, potentially facilitating coral-bacterium symbiosis. Additionally, genomic analyses revealed diverse phosphorus acquisition strategies, implicating <i>Endozoicomonas</i> in holobiont phosphorus cycling and stress responses.</p> Conclusions <p>This study reveals clade-specific genomic signatures of <i>Endozoicomonas</i> supporting its mutualistic lifestyle within corals. Findings suggests possible roles in nutrient cycling, reproductive health, and stress resilience, offering novel insights into coral holobiont functioning.</p>

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Genomic prediction of symbiotic interactions between two Endozoicomonas clades and their coral host, Acropora loripes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Cecilie R. Gotze,
  • Kshitij Tandon,
  • Gayle K. Philip,
  • Ashley M. Dungan,
  • Justin Maire,
  • Lone Høj,
  • Linda L. Blackall,
  • Madeleine J. H. van Oppen

摘要

Background

The bacterial genus Endozoicomonas is a predominant member of the coral microbiome, widely recognised for its ubiquity and ability to form high-density aggregates within coral tissues. Hence, investigating its metabolic interplay with coral hosts offers critical insights into its ecological roles and contributions to coral health and resilience.

Results

Using long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing of 11 Endozoicomonas strains from Acropora loripes, genome sizes were found to range between 5.8 and 7.1 Mbp. Phylogenomic analysis identified two distinct clades within the family Endozoicomonadaceae. Metabolic reconstruction uncovered clade-specific pathways, including the degradation of holobiont-derived carbon and lipids (e.g., galactose, starch, triacylglycerol, D-glucuronate), the latter of which suggests involvement of Endozoicomonas in host ‘sex-type’ steroid hormone metabolism. A clade-specific type 6 Secretion System (T6SS) and predicted effector molecules were identified, potentially facilitating coral-bacterium symbiosis. Additionally, genomic analyses revealed diverse phosphorus acquisition strategies, implicating Endozoicomonas in holobiont phosphorus cycling and stress responses.

Conclusions

This study reveals clade-specific genomic signatures of Endozoicomonas supporting its mutualistic lifestyle within corals. Findings suggests possible roles in nutrient cycling, reproductive health, and stress resilience, offering novel insights into coral holobiont functioning.