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Background <p>Serotiny, characterized by the delayed release of seeds, is a crucial adaptive trait for plants in response to wildland fires. This phenomenon is observed in <i>Pinus yunnanensis</i>, a species native to the southwest region of China, where wildland fires are a regular occurrence. <i>Pinus yunnanensis</i> var. <i>pygmaea</i>, in particular, demonstrates a high degree of serotiny, in which it is common to find an open cone and closed cone situated on the same node. However, the underlying reasons for this occurrence have not been previously investigated.</p> Results <p>In this study, we investigated the morphological and chemical properties of 45 pairs of open and closed cones collected from the same nodes of <i>P. yunnanensis</i> var. <i>pygmaea</i>. Our analysis revealed that serotinous cones have significantly higher phosphorus content than their open counterparts. Higher phosphorus and lower total carbon content in cone scales were associated with an increased likelihood of cone closure across cones on the same node.</p> Conclusions <p>The phosphorus and total carbon contents of cone scales are key factors influencing whether mature cones remain open or closed in <i>Pinus yunnanensis</i> var. <i>pygmaea</i>. Our study sheds new light on the mechanisms underlying serotiny.</p>

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The serotinous cones of Pinus yunnanensis var. pygmaea exhibit a higher phosphorus content compared to their open counterparts

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Ying Liu,
  • Zihan Zhang,
  • Shuting Li,
  • Wuchao Gao,
  • Dongyu Cao,
  • Xinglei Cui

摘要

Background

Serotiny, characterized by the delayed release of seeds, is a crucial adaptive trait for plants in response to wildland fires. This phenomenon is observed in Pinus yunnanensis, a species native to the southwest region of China, where wildland fires are a regular occurrence. Pinus yunnanensis var. pygmaea, in particular, demonstrates a high degree of serotiny, in which it is common to find an open cone and closed cone situated on the same node. However, the underlying reasons for this occurrence have not been previously investigated.

Results

In this study, we investigated the morphological and chemical properties of 45 pairs of open and closed cones collected from the same nodes of P. yunnanensis var. pygmaea. Our analysis revealed that serotinous cones have significantly higher phosphorus content than their open counterparts. Higher phosphorus and lower total carbon content in cone scales were associated with an increased likelihood of cone closure across cones on the same node.

Conclusions

The phosphorus and total carbon contents of cone scales are key factors influencing whether mature cones remain open or closed in Pinus yunnanensis var. pygmaea. Our study sheds new light on the mechanisms underlying serotiny.