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Background <p>The metabolism of aminothiols such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke. We evaluate the association of cysteine and glutathione forms in blood plasma with the severity and disability of acute hemorrhagic stroke (HS).</p> Methods <p>The levels of reduced glutathione (rGSH), reduced cysteine (rCys) and cystine (CysS) in blood plasma were determined in patients with acute HS (<i>n</i> = 64; 39–59 years old), and the patients’ condition upon admission and on days 7–10 of illness was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS), respectively.</p> Results <p>The median levels of plasma cystine (CysS) and reduced glutathione (rGSH) were 51.1 and 1.04 µM, respectively. Patients with high levels (≥ 50 µM) of CysS had a significantly higher frequency of mild or moderate neurological impairment (NIHSS ≤ 10) than patients with levels of CysS &lt; 50 µM (OR = 7.73, CI95% 2.19–27.28). Patients with high levels (≥ 1.9 µM) of rGSH also had a significantly higher frequency of mild disability (mRS ≤ 2) compared to patients with rGSH &lt; 1.9 µM (OR = 12.35, CI95% 3.43–44.5).</p> Conclusion <p>Thus CysS and rGSH levels are associated with reduced risk of severe neurological deficit and disability, respectively, in the acute period of hemorrhagic stroke. These indicators could be used to evaluate the severity of neurological impairment in stroke patients. Further research is needed to determine potential of circulating free thiols as biomarkers and to evaluate the usefulness of GSH-targeting therapy in acute hemorrhagic stroke.</p>

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Plasma glutathione and cystine as risk markers for severity and disability in acute hemorrhagic stroke

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Alexander Ivanov,
  • Mikhail Popov,
  • Polina Pudova,
  • Ruslan Maslennikov,
  • Valery Aleksandrin,
  • Maria Galdobina,
  • Maria Kruglova,
  • Ekaterina Silina,
  • Victor Stupin,
  • Marina Maksimova,
  • Aslan Kubatiev

摘要

Background

The metabolism of aminothiols such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke. We evaluate the association of cysteine and glutathione forms in blood plasma with the severity and disability of acute hemorrhagic stroke (HS).

Methods

The levels of reduced glutathione (rGSH), reduced cysteine (rCys) and cystine (CysS) in blood plasma were determined in patients with acute HS (n = 64; 39–59 years old), and the patients’ condition upon admission and on days 7–10 of illness was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS), respectively.

Results

The median levels of plasma cystine (CysS) and reduced glutathione (rGSH) were 51.1 and 1.04 µM, respectively. Patients with high levels (≥ 50 µM) of CysS had a significantly higher frequency of mild or moderate neurological impairment (NIHSS ≤ 10) than patients with levels of CysS < 50 µM (OR = 7.73, CI95% 2.19–27.28). Patients with high levels (≥ 1.9 µM) of rGSH also had a significantly higher frequency of mild disability (mRS ≤ 2) compared to patients with rGSH < 1.9 µM (OR = 12.35, CI95% 3.43–44.5).

Conclusion

Thus CysS and rGSH levels are associated with reduced risk of severe neurological deficit and disability, respectively, in the acute period of hemorrhagic stroke. These indicators could be used to evaluate the severity of neurological impairment in stroke patients. Further research is needed to determine potential of circulating free thiols as biomarkers and to evaluate the usefulness of GSH-targeting therapy in acute hemorrhagic stroke.