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Background <p>Asthma is a chronic respiratory system disorder characterized by muscle tightness and inflammation around the tracheal tracks. Several anti-asthmatic drugs are available; however, they may have side effects. <i>Acacia nilotica</i> gums contain anti-inflammatory properties and can effectively treat diseases associated with inflammation. We explored therapeutic effect of <i>Acacia nilotica</i> gums against asthma using mouse (<i>Mus musculus</i>) as a model organism.</p> Methods <p>The mice received ovalbumin on day one, and day fourteen. Whereas from day fifteen to twenty-six, herbal extracts were administered to all groups except asthmatic and normal control group. From days twenty-seven to twenty-nine, oral inhalation of ovalbumin was given to all treatment groups except the control group. Six treatment groups of mice (n = 3) were established, including a normal group and OVA, dexamethasone group (3 mg /mL), <i>A. nilotica</i> group (10 mg/mL), <i>A. nilotica</i> group (15 mg/mL) and <i>A. nilotica</i> group (20 mg/mL) and dose inhaled oral gauge. To determine biochemical and hematological parameters, complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests (LFTs), leukocyte measurements, and protein levels of cytokines were carried out from blood and BALF serum, respectively. To find out the level of mRNA expression of interleukins (IL-5, IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-117A) and histology parameters, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and histopathological analysis were performed from lung of mice, respectively.</p> Results <p>OVA-induced asthma led to a significant change in hematological indices, Liver function tests (LFTs) parameters, inflammatory cell infiltration, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine level, change in cytokine gene expression. These changes were significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) reversed in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with the <i>Acacia nilotica</i> gums (10, 15 and 20 mg/mL). <i>Acacia nilotica</i> gums decreased the recruitment of inflammatory cells, decreased pro-inflammatory mediators, altered cytokine expression profile, and decreased airway remodeling and tissue damage. Histological investigations demonstrated reduction in airway constrictions (epithelium thickness, smooth muscle thickness, and bronchiole) in all treated groups except OVA.</p> Conclusion <p><i>A. nilotica</i> gums potentially alleviate asthma, improve hematological parameters, restore hepatic biochemical factors, and inhibit cytokines and enhance anti-cytokines.</p>

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Prophylactic effects of Acacia nilotica gums on some biochemical and hematological parameters in asthmatic mice: qPCR analysis and histopathological examination

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Suleman Hussain Shah,
  • Ghulam Murtaza,
  • Mubashar Hussain,
  • Razia Iqbal,
  • Hajra Iqbal,
  • Bilal Mukhtar,
  • Sheeza Sakhawat,
  • Arooj Fatima,
  • Iram Asad,
  • Aniza Iftikhar

摘要

Background

Asthma is a chronic respiratory system disorder characterized by muscle tightness and inflammation around the tracheal tracks. Several anti-asthmatic drugs are available; however, they may have side effects. Acacia nilotica gums contain anti-inflammatory properties and can effectively treat diseases associated with inflammation. We explored therapeutic effect of Acacia nilotica gums against asthma using mouse (Mus musculus) as a model organism.

Methods

The mice received ovalbumin on day one, and day fourteen. Whereas from day fifteen to twenty-six, herbal extracts were administered to all groups except asthmatic and normal control group. From days twenty-seven to twenty-nine, oral inhalation of ovalbumin was given to all treatment groups except the control group. Six treatment groups of mice (n = 3) were established, including a normal group and OVA, dexamethasone group (3 mg /mL), A. nilotica group (10 mg/mL), A. nilotica group (15 mg/mL) and A. nilotica group (20 mg/mL) and dose inhaled oral gauge. To determine biochemical and hematological parameters, complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests (LFTs), leukocyte measurements, and protein levels of cytokines were carried out from blood and BALF serum, respectively. To find out the level of mRNA expression of interleukins (IL-5, IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-117A) and histology parameters, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and histopathological analysis were performed from lung of mice, respectively.

Results

OVA-induced asthma led to a significant change in hematological indices, Liver function tests (LFTs) parameters, inflammatory cell infiltration, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine level, change in cytokine gene expression. These changes were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reversed in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with the Acacia nilotica gums (10, 15 and 20 mg/mL). Acacia nilotica gums decreased the recruitment of inflammatory cells, decreased pro-inflammatory mediators, altered cytokine expression profile, and decreased airway remodeling and tissue damage. Histological investigations demonstrated reduction in airway constrictions (epithelium thickness, smooth muscle thickness, and bronchiole) in all treated groups except OVA.

Conclusion

A. nilotica gums potentially alleviate asthma, improve hematological parameters, restore hepatic biochemical factors, and inhibit cytokines and enhance anti-cytokines.