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Background <p>Resilience is understood as a person’s ability to adapt positively in the face of adversity, overcome difficult situations, and, in many cases, emerge stronger from them. The objective of this study was to conduct a transcultural validation of the Engineering, Ecological and Adaptive Resilience Scale in health sciences students from eight Latin American countries.</p> Methods <p>A total of 18,528 students participated in instrumental cross-sectional design. Internal structure was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, reliability was estimated using the omega coefficient, factorial invariance by sex and country was examined, sex differences were analyzed, and percentile norms were established.</p> Results <p>The three-dimensional structure of the EEA Resilience Scale showed adequate fit indices in all countries and in the total sample, although Ecuador, Panama, and Peru exhibited Root Mean Square Error of Approximation values slightly above expected thresholds. Reliability was satisfactory, except in El Salvador. Strict invariance by sex and country was confirmed. Country and sex differences showed trivial effect sizes. Percentile-based norms were proposed at five levels.</p> Conclusions <p>Overall, the findings indicate that the EEA Resilience Scale is a valid, reliable, and transculturally robust measure for assessing resilience. The scope of the study is discussed.</p>

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Transcultural validation and factorial invariance assessment of the EEA Resilience Scale in health sciences students from eight Latin American countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • José Gamarra-Moncayo,
  • Estela Marcelo-Ascencio,
  • Lindsey W. Vilca,
  • Carolina More-Toro,
  • Sara Huerta-González,
  • Rubén Eduardo Vázquez-García,
  • Luz Marina Alonso Palacio,
  • Wilson Pastén Hidalgo,
  • Anyel Bertel De la Hoz,
  • Aleyda I. Parra-Castillo,
  • Eugenia S. González-Díaz,
  • Nuvia Estrada-Méndez,
  • Luis German Montero Saldaña,
  • Sabrina A Carranza,
  • María Laura Frutos,
  • Claudia Arispe-Alburqueque,
  • Javiera Santana-Abásolo,
  • Margarett Cuello-Pérez,
  • J.E. Rod,
  • Mildred Amparo Sandoval,
  • Lesbia Tirado-Amador,
  • Gary Caballero García,
  • Diana Escobar Ospino,
  • Olga Tatiana Jaimes Prada,
  • Andrés Llanos Redondo,
  • Victor P. Díaz-Narváez

摘要

Background

Resilience is understood as a person’s ability to adapt positively in the face of adversity, overcome difficult situations, and, in many cases, emerge stronger from them. The objective of this study was to conduct a transcultural validation of the Engineering, Ecological and Adaptive Resilience Scale in health sciences students from eight Latin American countries.

Methods

A total of 18,528 students participated in instrumental cross-sectional design. Internal structure was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, reliability was estimated using the omega coefficient, factorial invariance by sex and country was examined, sex differences were analyzed, and percentile norms were established.

Results

The three-dimensional structure of the EEA Resilience Scale showed adequate fit indices in all countries and in the total sample, although Ecuador, Panama, and Peru exhibited Root Mean Square Error of Approximation values slightly above expected thresholds. Reliability was satisfactory, except in El Salvador. Strict invariance by sex and country was confirmed. Country and sex differences showed trivial effect sizes. Percentile-based norms were proposed at five levels.

Conclusions

Overall, the findings indicate that the EEA Resilience Scale is a valid, reliable, and transculturally robust measure for assessing resilience. The scope of the study is discussed.