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Aim <p>The objective of this study was to explore the impact of changes in dietary intake, exercise practices, and sedentary behavior on self-reported sleep quality among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> Methods <p>This was a web-based cross-sectional survey conducted from November 2020 to January 2021. Patients registered at an HIV/AIDS clinic completed a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic information, dietary habits, exercise, sedentary behaviors, and sleep quality.</p> Results <p>A total of 406 PLWH (279 men and 127 women) completed the questionnaire. The mean age was 50.7 ± 9.8&#xa0;years, with the&#xa0;majority of participants (45.8%) aged 50-59 years.&#xa0;Overall, 58.2% reported a high level of education, and 66.0% were employed. Before the pandemic, 60.3% reported good sleep quality; however, this percentage declined to 45.6% during the pandemic. The frequency of raw (<i>p</i> = 0.012) and cooked vegetable consumption (<i>p</i> = 0.005) decreased among those consuming these foods at least four times per week during the pandemic compared to before. Additionally, the frequency of consumption of sweets (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and savory snacks (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) at least four times per week increased. Our findings suggest that age (50 to 59 vs. 23 to 39&#xa0;years) (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.85; <i>p</i> = 0.034) and higher red meat consumption (four times per week or more) (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.92; <i>p</i> = 0.049) increased &#xa0;the&#xa0;odds of poorer sleep quality in model 1. In model 2, male sex was associated with lower odds of poorer sleep quality (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.89; <i>p</i> = 0.018).</p> Conclusion <p>PLWH experienced negative dietary changes, reduced physical exercise practice, increased sedentary behavior, and worsened sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women living with HIV had a higher odds of poorer sleep quality, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies&#xa0;to understand the long-term effects of these stressors.</p>

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Exploring changes in dietary intake, exercise practices, and sedentary behavior and their association with self-reported sleep quality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus during the COVID-19 pandemic: a web-based survey

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月18日

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  • Marcus V. L. dos Santos Quaresma,
  • Beatriz Martins Vicente,
  • João Valentini Neto,
  • Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro,
  • Camila Maria de Melo

摘要

Aim

The objective of this study was to explore the impact of changes in dietary intake, exercise practices, and sedentary behavior on self-reported sleep quality among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

This was a web-based cross-sectional survey conducted from November 2020 to January 2021. Patients registered at an HIV/AIDS clinic completed a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic information, dietary habits, exercise, sedentary behaviors, and sleep quality.

Results

A total of 406 PLWH (279 men and 127 women) completed the questionnaire. The mean age was 50.7 ± 9.8 years, with the majority of participants (45.8%) aged 50-59 years. Overall, 58.2% reported a high level of education, and 66.0% were employed. Before the pandemic, 60.3% reported good sleep quality; however, this percentage declined to 45.6% during the pandemic. The frequency of raw (p = 0.012) and cooked vegetable consumption (p = 0.005) decreased among those consuming these foods at least four times per week during the pandemic compared to before. Additionally, the frequency of consumption of sweets (p < 0.001) and savory snacks (p < 0.001) at least four times per week increased. Our findings suggest that age (50 to 59 vs. 23 to 39 years) (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.85; p = 0.034) and higher red meat consumption (four times per week or more) (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.92; p = 0.049) increased  the odds of poorer sleep quality in model 1. In model 2, male sex was associated with lower odds of poorer sleep quality (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.89; p = 0.018).

Conclusion

PLWH experienced negative dietary changes, reduced physical exercise practice, increased sedentary behavior, and worsened sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women living with HIV had a higher odds of poorer sleep quality, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies to understand the long-term effects of these stressors.