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Background <p>Obesity among older adults presents a serious public health challenge worldwide. The gut microbiota plays a key role in metabolic health and obesity, however its specific alterations in older adults with obesity remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the differences in the abundance of certain indicator gut bacterial genera between older adults with obesity and those with normal weight.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a case-control study in 2025 involving 104 individuals with obesity and 185 with normal weight, selected from the participants in phase III of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program. The obesity group included individuals with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30&#xa0;kg/m² along with waist circumference &gt; 88&#xa0;cm for women or &gt; 102&#xa0;cm for men, while the normal weight group had BMI between 18.5 and 24.9&#xa0;kg/m² and waist circumference below these thresholds. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the abundance of six indicator gut bacterial genera. Statistical analyses, including multiple logistic regression, were employed to evaluate associations between bacterial genera abundance and obesity status, with confounders identified by Directed Acyclic Graph.</p> Results <p>The participants’ mean age was 72.78 ± 3.08 years. In the obesity and normal weight groups, 38.5% and 67.6% of participants were male, respectively. The abundance of <i>Bacteroides</i> (odds ratio [OR]: 0.681, 95% CI: 0.535–0.866), <i>Blautia</i> (OR: 0.450, 95% CI: 0.301–0.673) and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> (OR: 0.750, 95% CI: 0.583–0.965) were negatively associated with obesity in older adults, after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and nutritional status.</p> Conclusions <p>This study highlights the association between specific gut microbiota and obesity in older adults. Understanding this association and interventions targeting the indicator bacteria may contribute to healthy aging by mitigating obesity and its related metabolic disorders.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Exploring the gut microbiota alterations with obesity in older adults: a case-control study in the context of Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • Zahra Hoseini Tavassol,
  • Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed,
  • Kazem Khalagi,
  • Fateme Ettehad Marvasti,
  • Ehsan Mahmoudian,
  • Nazgoli Rafiei,
  • Negar Asaad Sajadi,
  • Iraj Nabipour,
  • Seyed Davar Siadat,
  • Afshin Ostovar,
  • Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar,
  • Bagher Larijani

摘要

Background

Obesity among older adults presents a serious public health challenge worldwide. The gut microbiota plays a key role in metabolic health and obesity, however its specific alterations in older adults with obesity remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the differences in the abundance of certain indicator gut bacterial genera between older adults with obesity and those with normal weight.

Methods

We conducted a case-control study in 2025 involving 104 individuals with obesity and 185 with normal weight, selected from the participants in phase III of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program. The obesity group included individuals with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m² along with waist circumference > 88 cm for women or > 102 cm for men, while the normal weight group had BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m² and waist circumference below these thresholds. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the abundance of six indicator gut bacterial genera. Statistical analyses, including multiple logistic regression, were employed to evaluate associations between bacterial genera abundance and obesity status, with confounders identified by Directed Acyclic Graph.

Results

The participants’ mean age was 72.78 ± 3.08 years. In the obesity and normal weight groups, 38.5% and 67.6% of participants were male, respectively. The abundance of Bacteroides (odds ratio [OR]: 0.681, 95% CI: 0.535–0.866), Blautia (OR: 0.450, 95% CI: 0.301–0.673) and Faecalibacterium (OR: 0.750, 95% CI: 0.583–0.965) were negatively associated with obesity in older adults, after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and nutritional status.

Conclusions

This study highlights the association between specific gut microbiota and obesity in older adults. Understanding this association and interventions targeting the indicator bacteria may contribute to healthy aging by mitigating obesity and its related metabolic disorders.

Graphical abstract