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Introduction <p>Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major threat to blood safety, especially in resource-limited settings. In the Tigray region, where blood demand is high due to trauma, obstetric emergencies, and other medical needs, ensuring the safety of donated blood is critical. Limited data exist on the prevalence and trends of TTIs among blood donors in the region.</p> Method <p>the study was conducted utilizing data from the Tigray Regional Blood Bank from 2020 to 2023. A total of 35,034 blood donations were analyzed, focusing on the prevalence of four key infections: HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV). One-way Anova, Kruskal Wallis, tests were performed to assess trends and fluctuations in infection rates over the designated period. We have used 95% level of confidence (CL) and statistical significance was declared at p-value less than 0.05.</p> Results <p>The total number of donations reached 35,034, with male donors consistently outnumbering female donors across all age groups. Younger donors aged 18–34 were the most age group population who actively donate blood. Blood donation showed consistent increase from the year 2020 to 2022, but declined in 2023 (early recovery phase). Among the total blood donors, blood type A + was detected in 22.9% (8,034) followed by B + which is 22%. The overall TTI prevalence in this study was 4.33%. of those HIV was 0.257%, HBV was 3.157, HCV was 0.11 and Syphilis was 1.33%. TTIs exhibited fluctuations over the study period, rising from 4.3% in 2020 to a peak of 4.64% in 2022, before stabilizing at 4.3% in 2023. HIV cases declined steadily from 20 (0.376%) in 2020 to 13 (0.15%) in 2023. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences were found for Total TTI, HIV, HBV, and HCV, across years or war status (p &gt; 0.05). The Kruskal Wallis test indicated that no significant difference in Syphilis and overall TTI detection over time (p &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion and recommendation <p>The analysis revealed a significant decline in blood donation after the war period (early recovery phase). From the total donations in those years, male gender and young population were the most contributors to the blood bank. HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Total TTIs remained stable over years. These findings highlight the need for continued donor screening, and improved data collection to strengthen blood safety and ensure early detection of transfusion-transmitted infections.</p>

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Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) among blood donors in Ethiopia's Tigray region: a study of blood bank data from 2020 to 2023

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Kiros Demoz,
  • Semhal Hagos,
  • Kidanemariam Baraki,
  • Desalegn Meresa,
  • Ataklti Gessessea,
  • Mekonen Asfha,
  • Wehabreebi Kahsay,
  • Tsegay Hadgu,
  • Hayelom Kahsay

摘要

Introduction

Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major threat to blood safety, especially in resource-limited settings. In the Tigray region, where blood demand is high due to trauma, obstetric emergencies, and other medical needs, ensuring the safety of donated blood is critical. Limited data exist on the prevalence and trends of TTIs among blood donors in the region.

Method

the study was conducted utilizing data from the Tigray Regional Blood Bank from 2020 to 2023. A total of 35,034 blood donations were analyzed, focusing on the prevalence of four key infections: HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV). One-way Anova, Kruskal Wallis, tests were performed to assess trends and fluctuations in infection rates over the designated period. We have used 95% level of confidence (CL) and statistical significance was declared at p-value less than 0.05.

Results

The total number of donations reached 35,034, with male donors consistently outnumbering female donors across all age groups. Younger donors aged 18–34 were the most age group population who actively donate blood. Blood donation showed consistent increase from the year 2020 to 2022, but declined in 2023 (early recovery phase). Among the total blood donors, blood type A + was detected in 22.9% (8,034) followed by B + which is 22%. The overall TTI prevalence in this study was 4.33%. of those HIV was 0.257%, HBV was 3.157, HCV was 0.11 and Syphilis was 1.33%. TTIs exhibited fluctuations over the study period, rising from 4.3% in 2020 to a peak of 4.64% in 2022, before stabilizing at 4.3% in 2023. HIV cases declined steadily from 20 (0.376%) in 2020 to 13 (0.15%) in 2023. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences were found for Total TTI, HIV, HBV, and HCV, across years or war status (p > 0.05). The Kruskal Wallis test indicated that no significant difference in Syphilis and overall TTI detection over time (p > 0.05).

Conclusion and recommendation

The analysis revealed a significant decline in blood donation after the war period (early recovery phase). From the total donations in those years, male gender and young population were the most contributors to the blood bank. HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Total TTIs remained stable over years. These findings highlight the need for continued donor screening, and improved data collection to strengthen blood safety and ensure early detection of transfusion-transmitted infections.