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<p>High-proportion photovoltaic grid integration reduces the inertia level of microgrids, making them prone to dynamic instability issues such as frequency and voltage fluctuations and power quality degradation under power disturbances. To address this challenge, this study develops a photovoltaic-storage coordinated control method for dynamic performance optimization, starting from the inherent dynamic characteristics differences between photovoltaic converters and energy storage converters. First, a system-level dynamic model of the photovoltaic-storage microgrid system considering control loops and network communication delays is constructed to clarify the differences in the mechanisms of power regulation, inertia, and damping support between grid-connected photovoltaic and grid-connected energy storage converters. Based on this, a three-layer hierarchical coordinated control strategy is designed, integrating frequency, voltage, and power quality control. Through adaptive virtual inertia, secondary frequency, and voltage regulation, and photovoltaic-storage coordinated harmonic mitigation, dynamic coordinated optimization across multiple time scales is achieved. Under a 30% load step disturbance, the designed strategy minimizes the maximum system frequency deviation from −0.65&#xa0;Hz to −0.25&#xa0;Hz, and shortens the recovery time to around 1.0&#xa0;s. Under a 70% photovoltaic power drop, the maximum voltage deviation at critical nodes decreases from 0.12&#xa0;p.u. to 0.04&#xa0;p.u. Under nonlinear load conditions, the THD rates of voltage and current decrease to 2.5% and 4%, respectively. A 24-h operational evaluation shows that the proportion of frequency and voltage over-limit times decreases to 1.1% and 0.9%, respectively, the photovoltaic self-consumption rate increases to 84%, and the system’s electricity purchase cost decreases to 85.3%. The proposed strategy offers significant advantages in terms of improving the dynamic stability of the microgrid, reducing the stress on operating equipment, and improving operational economy. It provides effective technical support for the safety and stability of microgrids with a high proportion of power electronics.</p>

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Coordinated control strategy for photovoltaic power generation in microgrids considering the dynamic characteristics of photovoltaic-storage converters

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Ziheng Zhao,
  • Yuan Cao,
  • Wei Guo,
  • Ruosong Hou,
  • Zihao Zhao

摘要

High-proportion photovoltaic grid integration reduces the inertia level of microgrids, making them prone to dynamic instability issues such as frequency and voltage fluctuations and power quality degradation under power disturbances. To address this challenge, this study develops a photovoltaic-storage coordinated control method for dynamic performance optimization, starting from the inherent dynamic characteristics differences between photovoltaic converters and energy storage converters. First, a system-level dynamic model of the photovoltaic-storage microgrid system considering control loops and network communication delays is constructed to clarify the differences in the mechanisms of power regulation, inertia, and damping support between grid-connected photovoltaic and grid-connected energy storage converters. Based on this, a three-layer hierarchical coordinated control strategy is designed, integrating frequency, voltage, and power quality control. Through adaptive virtual inertia, secondary frequency, and voltage regulation, and photovoltaic-storage coordinated harmonic mitigation, dynamic coordinated optimization across multiple time scales is achieved. Under a 30% load step disturbance, the designed strategy minimizes the maximum system frequency deviation from −0.65 Hz to −0.25 Hz, and shortens the recovery time to around 1.0 s. Under a 70% photovoltaic power drop, the maximum voltage deviation at critical nodes decreases from 0.12 p.u. to 0.04 p.u. Under nonlinear load conditions, the THD rates of voltage and current decrease to 2.5% and 4%, respectively. A 24-h operational evaluation shows that the proportion of frequency and voltage over-limit times decreases to 1.1% and 0.9%, respectively, the photovoltaic self-consumption rate increases to 84%, and the system’s electricity purchase cost decreases to 85.3%. The proposed strategy offers significant advantages in terms of improving the dynamic stability of the microgrid, reducing the stress on operating equipment, and improving operational economy. It provides effective technical support for the safety and stability of microgrids with a high proportion of power electronics.