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Aim <p>This study aimed to investigate whether sesame oil (SO) consumption could improve biomarkers of glycemic control, inflammation, and oxidative stress in women with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).</p> Methods <p>This randomized, double-blind, controlled trial included 60 women with MASLD (aged 20–50 years, body mass index (BMI) 25–40&#xa0;kg/m²) assigned to either SO or sunflower oil (SFO) group (<i>n</i> = 30 each), who consumed 30&#xa0;g/day for 12 weeks alongside a 500&#xa0;kcal/day calorie-restricted diet. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at the pre- and post-intervention phases.</p> Results <p>Compared with the control, SO supplementation led to significant improvements in FBG (mean difference: -18.2&#xa0;mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): -25.0 to -11.4; Cohen’s d = 0.84), FSI (-3.2 µIU/mL; 95% CI: -4.5 to -1.9; d = 0.76), HOMA-IR (-1.4; 95% CI: -2.0 to -0.8; d = 0.81), HOMA-β (+ 15.6; 95% CI: +7.4 to + 23.8; d = 0.67), and QUICKI (+ 0.07; 95% CI: +0.03 to + 0.11; d = 0.72) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 for all). The reductions in hs-CRP (-0.05&#xa0;mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.15 to + 0.05; d = 0.12) and MDA (-0.6 µmol/L; 95% CI: -1.4 to + 0.2; d = 0.28) were not significant (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Both groups presented significant weight loss, with no significant difference between them (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusions <p>SO consumption significantly improved glycemic control biomarkers in women with MASLD, suggesting potential metabolic benefits beyond weight loss.</p> Trial registration <p>This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1399.548), and it is registered at <a href="https://www.irct.ir/trial/52288">https://www.irct.ir/trial/52288</a>, IRCT20140208016529N6, Registration Date: 2020-12-12).</p>

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Sesame oil improves biomarkers of glycemic control in women with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月5日

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  • Masoumeh Atefi,
  • Hamid Vahedi,
  • Mina Darand,
  • Mohammad Hassan Entezari

摘要

Aim

This study aimed to investigate whether sesame oil (SO) consumption could improve biomarkers of glycemic control, inflammation, and oxidative stress in women with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods

This randomized, double-blind, controlled trial included 60 women with MASLD (aged 20–50 years, body mass index (BMI) 25–40 kg/m²) assigned to either SO or sunflower oil (SFO) group (n = 30 each), who consumed 30 g/day for 12 weeks alongside a 500 kcal/day calorie-restricted diet. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at the pre- and post-intervention phases.

Results

Compared with the control, SO supplementation led to significant improvements in FBG (mean difference: -18.2 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): -25.0 to -11.4; Cohen’s d = 0.84), FSI (-3.2 µIU/mL; 95% CI: -4.5 to -1.9; d = 0.76), HOMA-IR (-1.4; 95% CI: -2.0 to -0.8; d = 0.81), HOMA-β (+ 15.6; 95% CI: +7.4 to + 23.8; d = 0.67), and QUICKI (+ 0.07; 95% CI: +0.03 to + 0.11; d = 0.72) (p < 0.05 for all). The reductions in hs-CRP (-0.05 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.15 to + 0.05; d = 0.12) and MDA (-0.6 µmol/L; 95% CI: -1.4 to + 0.2; d = 0.28) were not significant (p > 0.05). Both groups presented significant weight loss, with no significant difference between them (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

SO consumption significantly improved glycemic control biomarkers in women with MASLD, suggesting potential metabolic benefits beyond weight loss.

Trial registration

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1399.548), and it is registered at https://www.irct.ir/trial/52288, IRCT20140208016529N6, Registration Date: 2020-12-12).