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Background <p>The primary source of carbon is one of the most fundamental questions regarding the development of microbial communities in serpentinite-hosted systems. The hydration of ultramafic rock to serpentinites releases large amounts of hydrogen and creates hyperalkaline conditions that deplete the environment of dissolved inorganic carbon. Metagenomic studies suggest that serpentinite-hosted microbial communities depend on the local redissolution of bicarbonate and on small organic molecules produced by abiotic reactions associated with serpentinization.</p> Methods <p>To verify these bioinformatic predictions, microbial consortia collected from the Prony Bay hydrothermal field were enriched under anoxic conditions in hydrogen-fed bioreactors using bicarbonate, formate, acetate, or glycine as the sole carbon source.</p> Conclusions <p>With the exception of glycine, the chosen carbon substrates allowed the growth of microbial consortia characterized by significant enrichment of individual taxa. Surprisingly, these taxa were dominated by microbial genera characterized as aerobic rather than anaerobic as expected. Our results indicate the presence of both autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa that may function as foundation species in serpentinite-hosted shallow subsurface ecosystems. We propose that an intricate feedback loop between these autotrophic and heterotrophic foundation species facilitates ecosystem establishment. Bicarbonate-fixing <i>Meiothermus</i> and <i>Hydrogenophaga</i>, as well as formate-fixing <i>Meiothermus</i>, <i>Thioalkalimicrobium,</i> and possibly a novel genotype of <i>Roseibaca</i> might produce organic compounds for heterotrophs at the first trophic level. In addition, the base of the trophic network may include heterotrophic <i>Roseibaca</i>, <i>Acetoanaerobium,</i> and <i>Meiothermus</i> species producing CO<sub>2</sub> from acetate for a more diverse community of autotrophs. The cultivated archaeal community is expected to recycle CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> between <i>Methanomicrobiales</i> and <i>Methanosarcinales</i> with putative <i>Woesearchaeales</i> symbionts.</p>

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Cultivating microbial communities from the serpentinite-hosted Prony Bay hydrothermal field on different carbon sources in hydrogen-fed bioreactors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Rabja Maria Popall,
  • Agathe Roland,
  • Sylvain Davidson,
  • Yannick Combet-Blanc,
  • Roy E. Price,
  • Marianne Quéméneur,
  • Anne Postec,
  • Gaël Erauso

摘要

Background

The primary source of carbon is one of the most fundamental questions regarding the development of microbial communities in serpentinite-hosted systems. The hydration of ultramafic rock to serpentinites releases large amounts of hydrogen and creates hyperalkaline conditions that deplete the environment of dissolved inorganic carbon. Metagenomic studies suggest that serpentinite-hosted microbial communities depend on the local redissolution of bicarbonate and on small organic molecules produced by abiotic reactions associated with serpentinization.

Methods

To verify these bioinformatic predictions, microbial consortia collected from the Prony Bay hydrothermal field were enriched under anoxic conditions in hydrogen-fed bioreactors using bicarbonate, formate, acetate, or glycine as the sole carbon source.

Conclusions

With the exception of glycine, the chosen carbon substrates allowed the growth of microbial consortia characterized by significant enrichment of individual taxa. Surprisingly, these taxa were dominated by microbial genera characterized as aerobic rather than anaerobic as expected. Our results indicate the presence of both autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa that may function as foundation species in serpentinite-hosted shallow subsurface ecosystems. We propose that an intricate feedback loop between these autotrophic and heterotrophic foundation species facilitates ecosystem establishment. Bicarbonate-fixing Meiothermus and Hydrogenophaga, as well as formate-fixing Meiothermus, Thioalkalimicrobium, and possibly a novel genotype of Roseibaca might produce organic compounds for heterotrophs at the first trophic level. In addition, the base of the trophic network may include heterotrophic Roseibaca, Acetoanaerobium, and Meiothermus species producing CO2 from acetate for a more diverse community of autotrophs. The cultivated archaeal community is expected to recycle CH4 and CO2 between Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales with putative Woesearchaeales symbionts.