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<p>A Q-switched fiber laser's stability is crucial for real-world applications. This paper presents methods for enhancing the stability of Q-switched fiber lasers and a thorough measurement procedure. Saturable absorbers (SAs) for Q-switching in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) were fabricated using V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> via the solution method (SM), pulsed laser deposition (PLD), and a mesh powder approach. The resulting thin-film–based SAs were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Following that, the V₂O<sub>5</sub> thin films were successfully integrated into the EDFL’s ring cavity to demonstrate stable Q-switched laser operation. Three saturable absorbers (SAs) prepared by different methods were used to assess the output characteristics of the erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL), and a thorough comparison of their results is provided. The PLD-grown thin-film SA demonstrated the best performance, with a peak power of 14.83 mW, a pulse energy of 100 nJ, and a pulse duration of 5.3&#xa0;µs. Furthermore, it is discussed that conventional methods for assessing the stability of fiber lasers are necessary but not sufficient to provide a comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, a more complete methodology for stability measurement is proposed and demonstrated. The stability analysis of the laser pulses revealed that the PLD-fabricated SA provided superior performance and stability compared to the SAs prepared using the other two techniques.</p>

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A comparative study of three techniques for the fabrication of V₂O₅ thin film saturable absorbers for fiber laser

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Shakeela Bibi,
  • S. Sadam Hussain,
  • Abdul Jabbar,
  • M. Sohail,
  • Sadia Khalid,
  • R. Ahmed

摘要

A Q-switched fiber laser's stability is crucial for real-world applications. This paper presents methods for enhancing the stability of Q-switched fiber lasers and a thorough measurement procedure. Saturable absorbers (SAs) for Q-switching in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) were fabricated using V2O5 via the solution method (SM), pulsed laser deposition (PLD), and a mesh powder approach. The resulting thin-film–based SAs were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Following that, the V₂O5 thin films were successfully integrated into the EDFL’s ring cavity to demonstrate stable Q-switched laser operation. Three saturable absorbers (SAs) prepared by different methods were used to assess the output characteristics of the erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL), and a thorough comparison of their results is provided. The PLD-grown thin-film SA demonstrated the best performance, with a peak power of 14.83 mW, a pulse energy of 100 nJ, and a pulse duration of 5.3 µs. Furthermore, it is discussed that conventional methods for assessing the stability of fiber lasers are necessary but not sufficient to provide a comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, a more complete methodology for stability measurement is proposed and demonstrated. The stability analysis of the laser pulses revealed that the PLD-fabricated SA provided superior performance and stability compared to the SAs prepared using the other two techniques.