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Purpose <p>EasyPET.3D is a preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) scanner with a unique scanning method based on two face-to-face detector modules with two axes of motion. Its performance evaluation is presented using the NEMA NU-4 standards and an animal model.</p> Methods <p>Each detector module consists of a 32 × 2 pixelated cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce) scintillator array with individual crystals of 2.0 × 2.0 × 30 mm<sup>3</sup>. The crystal arrays are coupled to 1.3 <b>×</b> 1.3 mm<sup>2</sup> silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The transaxial field-of-view (FoV) is adjustable up to 48&#xa0;mm in diameter, and the axial length is 73&#xa0;mm. The performance characterization includes spatial resolution, sensitivity, count rate, scatter fraction (SF), and image quality (IQ) measurements. Furthermore, mice experiments were conducted to evaluate the in vivo imaging capability.</p> Results <p>Spatial resolution at the FoV centre (CFoV) in radial, tangential, and axial directions was 0.98±0.08, 0.97±0.06 and 0.94±0.08&#xa0;mm, respectively. An absolute sensitivity of 0.23% was measured at CFoV. The mouse-like phantom SF was 16% (913 cps at 18 MBq). Recovery coefficients in the IQ phantom varied from 21±34% to 85±50% (1 to 5&#xa0;mm diameter rods, accordingly). The uniformity was 17.6%, and spill-over ratios for water-filled and air-filled chambers were 0.49 and 0.40, respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>EasyPET.3D geometry favours the reduction of parallax error, despite its low sensitivity. The system linearity is suitable for the low range of activities (7–8 MBq) used for mice imaging. The overall performance showed that easyPET.3D has potential for entry-level preclinical applications.</p>

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First performance evaluation of easyPET.3D, a high-resolution and cost-effective benchtop preclinical PET scanner

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月26日

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  • Fabiana M. Ribeiro,
  • Pedro M. C. C. Encarnação,
  • Ana L. M. Silva,
  • Pedro M. M. Correia,
  • Afonso X. Pinto,
  • Regina G. Oliveira,
  • José Sereno,
  • Mariana Lapo Pais,
  • Antero Abrunhosa,
  • Ismael F. Castro,
  • Ana C. Santos,
  • João F. C. A. Veloso

摘要

Purpose

EasyPET.3D is a preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) scanner with a unique scanning method based on two face-to-face detector modules with two axes of motion. Its performance evaluation is presented using the NEMA NU-4 standards and an animal model.

Methods

Each detector module consists of a 32 × 2 pixelated cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce) scintillator array with individual crystals of 2.0 × 2.0 × 30 mm3. The crystal arrays are coupled to 1.3 × 1.3 mm2 silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The transaxial field-of-view (FoV) is adjustable up to 48 mm in diameter, and the axial length is 73 mm. The performance characterization includes spatial resolution, sensitivity, count rate, scatter fraction (SF), and image quality (IQ) measurements. Furthermore, mice experiments were conducted to evaluate the in vivo imaging capability.

Results

Spatial resolution at the FoV centre (CFoV) in radial, tangential, and axial directions was 0.98±0.08, 0.97±0.06 and 0.94±0.08 mm, respectively. An absolute sensitivity of 0.23% was measured at CFoV. The mouse-like phantom SF was 16% (913 cps at 18 MBq). Recovery coefficients in the IQ phantom varied from 21±34% to 85±50% (1 to 5 mm diameter rods, accordingly). The uniformity was 17.6%, and spill-over ratios for water-filled and air-filled chambers were 0.49 and 0.40, respectively.

Conclusion

EasyPET.3D geometry favours the reduction of parallax error, despite its low sensitivity. The system linearity is suitable for the low range of activities (7–8 MBq) used for mice imaging. The overall performance showed that easyPET.3D has potential for entry-level preclinical applications.