Scholarlink

Introduction <p>Venous congestion is a major contributor to organ dysfunction in critically ill and perioperative patients. While Doppler-based ultrasound strategies such as VExUS are the focus of growing clinical and research interest, the common femoral vein (CFV) is a promising, easily accessible alternative window for assessing right heart function and volume status.</p> Objective <p>To map and synthesize current evidence on the use of common femoral vein (CFV) Doppler ultrasound to assess venous congestion, right heart function, and intravascular volume status in adult patients across perioperative, critical care, heart failure, and emergency care settings.</p> Design <p>Scoping review conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR guideline.</p> Review methods <p>PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 2025. We charted clinical setting, CFV Doppler/diameter parameters, acquisition protocol details, reference standards (invasive pressures and imaging-based surrogates), and reported associations with hemodynamic measures and clinical outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened records and extracted data.</p> Results <p>Nineteen observational studies (<i>n</i> = 2146) were included. CFV pulsatility or waveform morphology was assessed in 10/19 studies; 5/19 reported quantitative pulsatility indices or retrograde-flow thresholds, 5/19 evaluated femoral vein diameter/collapsibility, and 1/19 proposed derived indices. Most studies compared CFV measures with invasive central venous pressure (CVP) or echocardiographic surrogates; when correlation coefficients were reported, associations were weak-to-moderate (e.g., <i>r</i> = 0.66 for CFV diameter vs CVP; <i>r</i> = − 0.476 for minimum velocity vs CVP). Only a minority of studies assessed clinical outcomes, and abnormal CFV patterns were variably associated with postoperative complications, including acute kidney injury, delirium and, in ICU cohorts, longer ICU length of stay or mortality. Acquisition protocols and waveform interpretation criteria varied across studies, with heterogeneous definitions and thresholds.</p> Conclusions <p>CFV Doppler is a feasible and accessible tool for congestion assessment, with promising correlations to invasive measures. However, variability in acquisition protocols, waveform definitions, and thresholds limits its current applicability. Standardization and prospective validation in high-risk populations are needed.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Femoral vein Doppler ultrasound for assessing venous congestion and right heart function: a scoping review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

查看全文
  • Rafael Hortêncio Melo,
  • Adrian Wong,
  • Abhilash Koratala,
  • Eduardo Kattan,
  • Rogério da Hora Passos

摘要

Introduction

Venous congestion is a major contributor to organ dysfunction in critically ill and perioperative patients. While Doppler-based ultrasound strategies such as VExUS are the focus of growing clinical and research interest, the common femoral vein (CFV) is a promising, easily accessible alternative window for assessing right heart function and volume status.

Objective

To map and synthesize current evidence on the use of common femoral vein (CFV) Doppler ultrasound to assess venous congestion, right heart function, and intravascular volume status in adult patients across perioperative, critical care, heart failure, and emergency care settings.

Design

Scoping review conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR guideline.

Review methods

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 2025. We charted clinical setting, CFV Doppler/diameter parameters, acquisition protocol details, reference standards (invasive pressures and imaging-based surrogates), and reported associations with hemodynamic measures and clinical outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened records and extracted data.

Results

Nineteen observational studies (n = 2146) were included. CFV pulsatility or waveform morphology was assessed in 10/19 studies; 5/19 reported quantitative pulsatility indices or retrograde-flow thresholds, 5/19 evaluated femoral vein diameter/collapsibility, and 1/19 proposed derived indices. Most studies compared CFV measures with invasive central venous pressure (CVP) or echocardiographic surrogates; when correlation coefficients were reported, associations were weak-to-moderate (e.g., r = 0.66 for CFV diameter vs CVP; r = − 0.476 for minimum velocity vs CVP). Only a minority of studies assessed clinical outcomes, and abnormal CFV patterns were variably associated with postoperative complications, including acute kidney injury, delirium and, in ICU cohorts, longer ICU length of stay or mortality. Acquisition protocols and waveform interpretation criteria varied across studies, with heterogeneous definitions and thresholds.

Conclusions

CFV Doppler is a feasible and accessible tool for congestion assessment, with promising correlations to invasive measures. However, variability in acquisition protocols, waveform definitions, and thresholds limits its current applicability. Standardization and prospective validation in high-risk populations are needed.