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<p>The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission delivered multispectral global image mosaics of Mercury representing the reference for the geomorphological and spectroscopic characterization of the Hermean surface at regional to local (i.e., hundreds of meters) scales. However, these global products inherit the spatially inconsistent and significantly low spatial resolution of the global MDIS datasets due to the MESSENGER spacecraft orbit, especially in the southern hemisphere. This creates a critical resolution gap compared to the higher-resolution monochromatic data. This study addresses this limitation by applying the Gram–Schmidt Adaptive (GSA) pansharpening technique to enhance the spatial resolution of global multispectral mosaics. The method has been used to process two key datasets, the Map Projected Multispectral Reduced Data Record mosaic and the Basemap Enhanced Color Global Mosaic, successfully increasing their resolution fourfold, from 665&#xa0;m/px to a globally consistent 166&#xa0;m/px. Objective validation confirms that this enhancement achieved high color fidelity and introduced minimal negligible alterations to the spectral components of the images. The resulting high-resolution datasets reveal the spectroscopic properties of numerous previously unresolved, smaller-scale surface features, such as structural features, hollows, slope lineae, and volcanic vents, essential for detailed geological interpretation. This work provides a robust new reference dataset for comprehensive global studies of Mercury’s surface composition and geology, while also demonstrating a method suitable for handling large planetary datasets and preparing for the exploitation of future data from the BepiColombo mission.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced global MESSENGER multispectral mosaics using Gram–Schmidt adaptive (GSA) pansharpening

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Adriano Tullo,
  • Cristina Re,
  • Silvia Bertoli,
  • Giovanni Munaretto,
  • Pamela Cambianica,
  • Natalia Amanda Vergara Sassarini,
  • Riccardo La Grassa,
  • Gabriele Cremonese

摘要

The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission delivered multispectral global image mosaics of Mercury representing the reference for the geomorphological and spectroscopic characterization of the Hermean surface at regional to local (i.e., hundreds of meters) scales. However, these global products inherit the spatially inconsistent and significantly low spatial resolution of the global MDIS datasets due to the MESSENGER spacecraft orbit, especially in the southern hemisphere. This creates a critical resolution gap compared to the higher-resolution monochromatic data. This study addresses this limitation by applying the Gram–Schmidt Adaptive (GSA) pansharpening technique to enhance the spatial resolution of global multispectral mosaics. The method has been used to process two key datasets, the Map Projected Multispectral Reduced Data Record mosaic and the Basemap Enhanced Color Global Mosaic, successfully increasing their resolution fourfold, from 665 m/px to a globally consistent 166 m/px. Objective validation confirms that this enhancement achieved high color fidelity and introduced minimal negligible alterations to the spectral components of the images. The resulting high-resolution datasets reveal the spectroscopic properties of numerous previously unresolved, smaller-scale surface features, such as structural features, hollows, slope lineae, and volcanic vents, essential for detailed geological interpretation. This work provides a robust new reference dataset for comprehensive global studies of Mercury’s surface composition and geology, while also demonstrating a method suitable for handling large planetary datasets and preparing for the exploitation of future data from the BepiColombo mission.

Graphical abstract