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Purpose <p>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a prevalent respiratory condition associated with significant mortality. Current literature on ARDS epidemiology reports a wide range of incidence (7.2–78.9/100,000 population/year), hospital mortality (32–51%), and associated costs ($8476–$547,974). We have analyzed epidemiological trends of mechanically ventilated ARDS (MV-ARDS) in Spain from 2000 to 2022 using the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS), focusing on MV-ARDS incidence, associated mortality, and economic impact.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a nationwide, population-based retrospective study of all hospitalizations for MV-ARDS in Spanish hospitals—from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2022—using MBDS records, with an estimated coverage of 99.5%. The study reports MV-ARDS incidence per 100,000 population/year, hospital mortality rate, and mean cost per patient. We also considered the effect of COVID-19 on MV-ARDS epidemiology.</p> Results <p>We analyzed 93,192 records of patients with a new diagnosis of MV-ARDS during the study period. MV-ARDS incidence ranged from 2.96 to 20.14/100,000 population-years, peaking in 2021. Mortality ranged between 38.0 and 55.0%, showing a declining trend, while the cost per patient increased, stabilizing ~€30,000–€40,000 after reaching a peak of €42,812 in 2011. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital stay lengthened (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while hospital mortality decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). There was an increased proportion of patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus, with fungal or viral etiologies.</p> Conclusion <p>This is the largest epidemiological study on ARDS in Europe. MV-ARDS incidence has stabilized in recent years, with mortality showing a declining trend. ARDS-related costs have increased nearly fourfold. MBDS data could enhance ARDS understanding and guide future studies.</p>

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Epidemiological trends of mechanically ventilated acute respiratory distress syndrome in the twenty-first century: a nationwide, population-based retrospective study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Miguel Bardají-Carrillo,
  • Rocío López-Herrero,
  • Gerardo Aguilar,
  • Irene Arroyo-Hernantes,
  • Esther Gómez-Sánchez,
  • Luigi Camporota,
  • Jesús Villar,
  • Eduardo Tamayo

摘要

Purpose

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a prevalent respiratory condition associated with significant mortality. Current literature on ARDS epidemiology reports a wide range of incidence (7.2–78.9/100,000 population/year), hospital mortality (32–51%), and associated costs ($8476–$547,974). We have analyzed epidemiological trends of mechanically ventilated ARDS (MV-ARDS) in Spain from 2000 to 2022 using the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS), focusing on MV-ARDS incidence, associated mortality, and economic impact.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide, population-based retrospective study of all hospitalizations for MV-ARDS in Spanish hospitals—from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2022—using MBDS records, with an estimated coverage of 99.5%. The study reports MV-ARDS incidence per 100,000 population/year, hospital mortality rate, and mean cost per patient. We also considered the effect of COVID-19 on MV-ARDS epidemiology.

Results

We analyzed 93,192 records of patients with a new diagnosis of MV-ARDS during the study period. MV-ARDS incidence ranged from 2.96 to 20.14/100,000 population-years, peaking in 2021. Mortality ranged between 38.0 and 55.0%, showing a declining trend, while the cost per patient increased, stabilizing ~€30,000–€40,000 after reaching a peak of €42,812 in 2011. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital stay lengthened (p < 0.001), while hospital mortality decreased (p < 0.001). There was an increased proportion of patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus, with fungal or viral etiologies.

Conclusion

This is the largest epidemiological study on ARDS in Europe. MV-ARDS incidence has stabilized in recent years, with mortality showing a declining trend. ARDS-related costs have increased nearly fourfold. MBDS data could enhance ARDS understanding and guide future studies.