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Background <p>The composition and content of exchangeable (exch) cations are key indicators for improving and utilizing saline soils. However, accurate determination of exch cations is often hindered by the dissolution of carbonates, sulfates, and chlorides during extraction. Traditional extraction methods are labor-intensive and time-consuming, resulting in extremely low extraction efficiency in saline soils. Therefore, methodological improvements are urgently needed.</p> Results <p>In this study, a one-step extraction method for exch cations in saline soil was developed using 0.2&#xa0;mol L<sup>− 1</sup> NaCl solutions with varying ethanol concentrations as extractants. This method enabled effective extraction of exch Ca across a concentration range of 0.36–34 cmol<sub>c</sub> kg<sup>− 1</sup>. An appropriate soil sample weight for the extraction of exch cations was determined based on the exch Ca content. A 70% ethanol concentration effectively inhibited CaCO<sub>3</sub> dissolution in calcareous soils, whereas an 80% ethanol concentration is required to inhibit CaSO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O dissolution in saline soils. In both cases, the measured exch Ca values remained within the standard range. For calcareous soils, CaCO<sub>3</sub> or CaSO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O (≤ 80%) addition did not affect the extraction of exch cations, with the measured Ca, Mg, and K values falling within the standard range. For saline soils, CaSO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O (≤ 80%) addition did not affect the extraction of exch cations, with all measured values falling within the standard range. Exch Na was calculated as CEC−exch(Ca + Mg+K). The measured exch cation values in field-collected saline soils showed no significant differences between the results obtained by the method established in this study and those by the traditional method, thereby indicating that the proposed method could provide consistent and reliable results.</p> Conclusions <p>Compared with traditional methods, the proposed approach simplifies the extraction procedure and reduces extraction time, thereby greatly improving work efficiency while reducing analytical costs.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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One-step extraction of exchangeable cations from saline soil using NaCl as an extractant

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月14日

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  • Jinhua Yuan,
  • Shengzhe E

摘要

Background

The composition and content of exchangeable (exch) cations are key indicators for improving and utilizing saline soils. However, accurate determination of exch cations is often hindered by the dissolution of carbonates, sulfates, and chlorides during extraction. Traditional extraction methods are labor-intensive and time-consuming, resulting in extremely low extraction efficiency in saline soils. Therefore, methodological improvements are urgently needed.

Results

In this study, a one-step extraction method for exch cations in saline soil was developed using 0.2 mol L− 1 NaCl solutions with varying ethanol concentrations as extractants. This method enabled effective extraction of exch Ca across a concentration range of 0.36–34 cmolc kg− 1. An appropriate soil sample weight for the extraction of exch cations was determined based on the exch Ca content. A 70% ethanol concentration effectively inhibited CaCO3 dissolution in calcareous soils, whereas an 80% ethanol concentration is required to inhibit CaSO4∙2H2O dissolution in saline soils. In both cases, the measured exch Ca values remained within the standard range. For calcareous soils, CaCO3 or CaSO4∙2H2O (≤ 80%) addition did not affect the extraction of exch cations, with the measured Ca, Mg, and K values falling within the standard range. For saline soils, CaSO4∙2H2O (≤ 80%) addition did not affect the extraction of exch cations, with all measured values falling within the standard range. Exch Na was calculated as CEC−exch(Ca + Mg+K). The measured exch cation values in field-collected saline soils showed no significant differences between the results obtained by the method established in this study and those by the traditional method, thereby indicating that the proposed method could provide consistent and reliable results.

Conclusions

Compared with traditional methods, the proposed approach simplifies the extraction procedure and reduces extraction time, thereby greatly improving work efficiency while reducing analytical costs.

Graphical Abstract