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Background <p>Against the backdrop of a large population driving substantial food demand, agriculture serves as the cornerstone of food security. However, it faces multiple abiotic stress challenges, including drought, salinity, and soil degradation. Traditional agricultural production models not only exert immense pressure on the ecological environment but also further exacerbate potential risks to food security, making the transition to green and sustainable agriculture a global consensus. Chitosan, as a natural polymer material with wide availability, non-toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness, has demonstrated broad application prospects in diverse fields such as biomedicine, food processing, and environmental remediation. Its inherent antimicrobial, antioxidant, and plant immunity-inducing activities can effectively enhance crop productivity and promote nutrient uptake. When combined with nanoparticles, chitosan exhibits efficient encapsulation capabilities, enabling the precise controlled release and delivery of pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, and biocontrol agents. This significantly improves the utilization efficiency of agricultural inputs, reduces resource waste and environmental residues, positioning chitosan as a cutting-edge tool for advancing sustainable agricultural development.</p> Results <p>This review first outlines the core physicochemical properties of chitosan and its current applications across multiple fields. It compares the regulatory effects of different modification strategies on material performance and systematically integrates the diverse roles of chitosan and its functional materials throughout the entire plant life cycle. The mechanisms of action in seed germination, postharvest preservation, and the construction of slow-release fertilizers are explored, addressing the limitations of previous single-focus studies and highlighting the environmental benefits and future development directions for sustainable agricultural systems.</p> Conclusion <p>This work provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the large-scale application of chitosan-based functional materials in sustainable agriculture, offering a highly promising solution for addressing food supply and ecological challenges and ensuring the security of future food systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Properties of chitosan and its applications as a functional material throughout the plant growth cycle and in sustainable agricultural development

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Youjie Huang,
  • Gangliang Huang

摘要

Background

Against the backdrop of a large population driving substantial food demand, agriculture serves as the cornerstone of food security. However, it faces multiple abiotic stress challenges, including drought, salinity, and soil degradation. Traditional agricultural production models not only exert immense pressure on the ecological environment but also further exacerbate potential risks to food security, making the transition to green and sustainable agriculture a global consensus. Chitosan, as a natural polymer material with wide availability, non-toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness, has demonstrated broad application prospects in diverse fields such as biomedicine, food processing, and environmental remediation. Its inherent antimicrobial, antioxidant, and plant immunity-inducing activities can effectively enhance crop productivity and promote nutrient uptake. When combined with nanoparticles, chitosan exhibits efficient encapsulation capabilities, enabling the precise controlled release and delivery of pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, and biocontrol agents. This significantly improves the utilization efficiency of agricultural inputs, reduces resource waste and environmental residues, positioning chitosan as a cutting-edge tool for advancing sustainable agricultural development.

Results

This review first outlines the core physicochemical properties of chitosan and its current applications across multiple fields. It compares the regulatory effects of different modification strategies on material performance and systematically integrates the diverse roles of chitosan and its functional materials throughout the entire plant life cycle. The mechanisms of action in seed germination, postharvest preservation, and the construction of slow-release fertilizers are explored, addressing the limitations of previous single-focus studies and highlighting the environmental benefits and future development directions for sustainable agricultural systems.

Conclusion

This work provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the large-scale application of chitosan-based functional materials in sustainable agriculture, offering a highly promising solution for addressing food supply and ecological challenges and ensuring the security of future food systems.

Graphical Abstract