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Background <p>Glia mediated neuroinflammation and degeneration of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons are some of the hall marks of pyrethroid neurotoxicity. Here we investigated the sex specific responses of inflammatory cytokines, microglia, astrocyte and parvalbumin positive inhibitory GABAergic interneurons to λ-cyhalothrin (LCT) exposures in rats.</p> Methods <p>Equal numbers of male and female rats were given oral corn oil, 2&#xa0;mg/kg.bw and 4&#xa0;mg/kg.bw of LCT for fourteen days. They were euthanized on day 15, brains were excised and hippocampus (<i>n</i> = 5/group) isolated for interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-α) analysis. The remaining brains (<i>n</i> = 3/group) were processed for Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and parvalbumin (PV) distribution in the hippocampus. All quantitative data was subjected to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA).</p> Results <p>LCT caused sex and dose dependent increase in IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations, distribution of microglia (Iba1+) and astrocytes (GFAP+), and reduction of PV + GABAergic interneurons. These effects were greater in males compared to females, and dose-dependent in both sexes.</p> Conclusion <p>LCT specifically induced inflammation and disrupted GABAergic interneurons’ integrities via activation of microglia and reactive astrogliosis and such effects are dose-dependent and sexually dimorphic.</p>

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λ-cyhalothrin induced sex-specific inflammation, glia activation and GABAergic interneuron disruption in the hippocampus of rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月29日

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  • Aminu Imam,
  • Christianah Oyegbola,
  • Maryam Busari,
  • Adewumi Mercy Gbemisola,
  • Laaro Abubakar,
  • Ajala Taofeeqoh Odunayo,
  • Alhassan Godwin Attai,
  • Ajibola Musa Iyiola,
  • Wahab Abdulmajeed Imam,
  • Aalimah Akinosho Akorede,
  • Omamuyovwi Meashack Ijomone,
  • Moyosore Salihu Ajao

摘要

Background

Glia mediated neuroinflammation and degeneration of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons are some of the hall marks of pyrethroid neurotoxicity. Here we investigated the sex specific responses of inflammatory cytokines, microglia, astrocyte and parvalbumin positive inhibitory GABAergic interneurons to λ-cyhalothrin (LCT) exposures in rats.

Methods

Equal numbers of male and female rats were given oral corn oil, 2 mg/kg.bw and 4 mg/kg.bw of LCT for fourteen days. They were euthanized on day 15, brains were excised and hippocampus (n = 5/group) isolated for interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-α) analysis. The remaining brains (n = 3/group) were processed for Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and parvalbumin (PV) distribution in the hippocampus. All quantitative data was subjected to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

LCT caused sex and dose dependent increase in IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations, distribution of microglia (Iba1+) and astrocytes (GFAP+), and reduction of PV + GABAergic interneurons. These effects were greater in males compared to females, and dose-dependent in both sexes.

Conclusion

LCT specifically induced inflammation and disrupted GABAergic interneurons’ integrities via activation of microglia and reactive astrogliosis and such effects are dose-dependent and sexually dimorphic.